Bibliography

Primary Sources and Translations

Assemani, Joseph Simon. Bibliotheca Orientalis Clementino-Vaticana, An Encyclopedia of Syriac Authors. Typi Sacrae Congregationis de Propaganda Fide, Rome, 1719–1728. Reprint 2002

Babylonian Talmud. Talmud Bavli (b.), Vilna: Romm, 1893; Babylonian Talmud, 16 Vols. Translated and edited by I. Epstein, London: Soncino, 1935–1952, rpt. 1978

Cicero, Pro Flacco. The Loeb Classical Library edition of Cicero

Codex Theodosianus. Translated by A. Linder, The Jews in Roman Imperial Legislation, Detroit, Michigan: Wayne State University Press, 1987

Codex Theodosianus (CTh). Translated by A. D. Lee, Pagans and Christians in Late Antiquity, London, 2000

Cyril of Jerusalem (Cyr. Hieros.). Translated by E. Yarnold, Cyril of Jerusalem, London, 2000

Deuteronomy Rabbah. Kleinman Ed Midrash Rabbah, Artscroll Mesorah Publications, 2013

Epiphanus, Panarion. Translated by F. Willliams, The Panarion of Epiphanius of Salamis: Book I, Second edition, Leiden: Brill, 2008

Genesis Rabbah (Bereshit Rabbah). Hanoch Albeck, Bereschit Rabba: mit kritischem Apparat und Kommentar, Jerusalem: Wahrmann Books, 1965, and Midrash Bereshit Rabba: Ms. Vat. Ebr. 30: With an Introduction and Index by M. Sokoloff, Jerusalem: Hamakor Press, 1971

John Chrysostom, Ad illuminandos catechesis secunda. Medieval Manuscripts in Oxford Libraries, online: https://medieval.bodleian.ox.ac.uk/catalog/work_2642

Josephus. Translated by H. St. J. Thackeray, R. Marcus, A. Wikgren, and L. Feldman, 13 Vols. LCL, Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1926–1965

Justin Martyr, Dialogue with Trypho. Beloved Publishing LLC, 2015.

Leviticus Rabbah (Leviticus Rabbah) in Midrash Rabbah. Midrash Vayiqra Rabbah, M. Margulies (Margaliot) (ed.), New York and Jerusalem: Jewish Theological Seminary of America, 3rd printing, 1993

Lucian, Philopseudes (The Lover of Lies). The Loeb Classical Library edition of Lucian

Mekhilta of Rabbi Ishmael (Mek. R. Ish). S. Horovitz I.A. and Rabin (eds.), Mekhilta de-Rabbi Ishmael, 2nd ed., Jerusalem: Shalem (Hebrew), 1997

Mekhilta of Rabbi Simeon ben Yohai (Mek. R. Sim. b. Yoh.). J.N. Epstein and E.Z. Melamed (eds.), Mekhilta d’Rabbi Shimʿon b. Jochai, Jerusalem: Mekitse Nirdamim (Hebrew), 1955

Midrash Tehillim. Translated by W.G. Braude, The Midrash on Psalms, Yalebooks, 1959

Mishnah. Hanockh Albeck (ed.), Shishah Sidre Mishnah, 6 Vols. Jerusalem, 1959, rpt. 1988; J. Neusner, The Mishnah: A New Translation, New Haven: Yale University press, rpt. 1991; H. Danby, The Mishnah: Translated from the Hebrew with Introduction and Brief Explanatory Notes, Oxford University Press, 1933, rpt. 2012

Numbers Rabbah (Bemidbar Rabbah) in Midrash Rabbah. Vilnius: Romm, 1887

Palestinian Talmud. Yerushalmi. Jerusalem Talmud (y.) Y. Sussmann, Talmud Yerushalmi; According to Ms. Or. 4720 (Scal. 3) of the Leiden University Library: With Restoration and Corrections, Jerusalem: Academy of the Hebrew Language, 2005

Palladius: Dialogue on the Life of st John Chrysostom. Paulist Press, 1985.

Pesiqta Rabbati. M. Friedmann, ed. Vienna, 1880

Pesikta de-Rav Kahana. Bernard Mandelbaum, Pesikta de Rav Kahana: According to the Oxford Manuscript: With Variations from All Known Manuscripts and Genizoth Fragments and Parallel Passages with Commentary and Introduction, New York: Jewish Theological Seminary, 1993

Philo. Translated by F. H. Colson, G. H. Whitaker, and R. Marcus, 10 Vols. LCL, Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1929–1962

Sifre Bemidbar. Sifre ‘al Sefer Bemidbar. H. Horowitz (ed.), Leipzig 1917, rpt. Jerusalem 1966

Suetonius, Life of Tiberius. The Loeb Classical Library edition of Suetonius, 1913

Tacitus, Histories. The Loeb Classical Library edition of Tacitus, 1931

Tosefta. Saul Lieberman, The Tosefta according to Codex Vienna, 4 Vols. New York: The Jewish Theological Seminary, 1955-1973; S. Lieberman, Tosefta Kifeshuta: A Comprehensive Commentary on the Tosefta, 5 Vols. New York: The Jewish Theological Seminary, 1962

The Greek New Testament. Fifth Revised Edition, German Bible Society, Institute for New Testament Textual Research, Münster/Germany, 2014

Vayikra Rabbah (Leviticus Rabbah) in Midrash Rabbah. Midrash Vayiqra Rabbah, M. Margulies (Margaliot) (ed.), New York and Jerusalem: Jewish Theological Seminary of America, 3rd printing, 1993

Yerushalmi. Jerusalem Talmud (y.) Y. Sussmann, Talmud Yerushalmi; According to Ms. Or. 4720 (Scal. 3) of the Leiden University Library: With Restoration and Corrections, Jerusalem: Academy of the Hebrew Language, 2005

Secondary Sources

Abdy, Richard

2012 “Tetrarchy and the House of Constantine,” in: Metcalf W. (ed.), The Oxford Handbook of Greek and Roman Coinage, Oxford University Press, pp. 584–600

Aberbach, Moses

1982 Jewish Education in the Mishnaic and Talmudic Period, Jerusalem: R. Mass (Hebrew)

Ahipaz, Nili

2007 “A Hoard of Byzantine Solidi from the Deir ʿAziz Synagogue,” in: Israel Numismatic Research, Vol. 2, pp. 157–165

2013 “Floor Foundation Coin Deposits in Byzantine-Period Synagogues,” in: Hoards and Genizot as Chapters in History, Haifa: Hecht Museum University of Haifa, pp. 63–70

2015 The Custom of the Ritual Burial of Coins in Synagogues, MA thesis, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem (Hebrew)

Ahipaz, Nili and Uzi Leibner

2021 “Floor Deposits in Ancient Synagogues,” in: Zion, Vol. 86, No. 2, pp. 211–230 (Hebrew)

Aitchison, Nicholas Boyter

1988 “Roman Wealth, Native Ritual: Coin Hoards within and beyond Roman Britain,” in: World Archaeology, Vol. 20, No. 2, pp. 270–284

Ambos, Claus

2004 Mesopotamische Baurituale aus dem 1. Jahrtausend v. Chr. Dresden: ISLET

American Numismatic Society

2016 Introduction to Numismatic Terms and Methods, online: http://numismatics.org/seminar/termsmethods/

Amir, Roni

2012 “Style as a Chronological Indicator: On the Relative Dating of the Golan Synagogues,” in: Jews in Byzantium, Dialectics of Minority and Majority Cultures, Leiden: Brill, pp. 337–370

Anwar, Hafeez, Saeed Anwar, Sebastian Zambaninie, and Fatih Porikli

2019 “CoinNet: Deep Ancient Roman Republican Coin Classification via Feature Fusion and Attention,” in: Pattern Recognition, Vol. 114.4, online: DOI:10.1016/j.patcog.2021.107871

Ariel, Donald T.

1980 Coins from the Synagogue at Horvat Kanef, Preliminary Report, in: Israel Numismatic Journal, Vol. 4, Israel: Israel Exploration Society, pp. 59–62

1987 Coins from the Synagogue at ‘En Nashut, in: Israel Exploration Journal, Vol. 37, no. 1, Israel, pp. 147–157

1991 “Coins from the Synagogue at Dabbiye,” in: ‘Atiqot, Vol. 20, pp. 74–80

1996 “A Hoard of Byzantine Folles from Qasrin,” in: ‘Atiqot, Vol. 29, pp. 69–76

2000 “Coins from the Synagogue at Korazim,” in: Yeivin Z. (ed.), The Synagogue at Korazim: The 1962–1964, 1980-1987 Excavations, Jerusalem: Israel Antiquities Authority, pp. 33-49 (English)

2002 “The Coins from the Surveys and Excavations of Caves in the Northern Judean Desert,” in: ‘Atiqot, Vol. 41, No. 2,pp. 281–304

2015 “Chapter 8 — Excavations at Horvat Kanaf: The Coins from Stratum III in Area A,” in: Ma’oz Z. (ed.), Horvat Kanaf: Excavations in 1978–1980 and 1985, Final Report (Archaostyle Scientific Research Series 14), Qazrin: Archaostyle, pp. 179–199

2016 “Coins from a Small Country: How Excavated Coins are Managed in Israel, from the Dig to the Bookshelf,” in: Duyrat F. and Grandjean C. (eds.), Les monnaies de fouille du monde grec (VIe–Ier s. a.C.). Apports, approches et méthodes (Ausonius Scripta Antiqua 93), Bordeaux, pp. 99–111

Arslan, Ermanno A.

1996a “Monete Axumite di Imitazione nel Deposito del Cortile della Sinagoga di Cafarnao,” in: Liber Annuus, Vol. 46, pp. 307–316

1996b “Il Deposito di 20.323 Nummi tardo–romani della Sinagoga di Cafarnao: come procedure a un Campionamento Scientifico,” in: International Numismatic Newsletter, Vol. 29, pp. 6–7

1997 “Il deposito monetale della Trincea XII nel cortile della sinagoga di Cafarnao,” in: Liber Annuus, vol. 47, pp. 245–328

2003 “Problemi ponderali di V secolo: verso la riforma del Nummus. Il deposito di Cafranao,” in: Revue Numismatique, Vol. 159, pp. 27–39

2011 “The L812 Trench Deposit inside the synagogue and the Isolated Finds of Coins in Capernaum, Israel: a Comparison of the Two Groups,” in: Israel Numismatic Research, Vol. 6/2011, Israel: The Israel Numismatic Society, pp. 147–162

2015 “Problemi di Documentazione preliminare e Finale dei Ritrovamenti Monetary con Grandi Numeri. Due Esperienze: il Ripostiglio di Biassono 1975 e il “Deposito” della Sinagoga di Cafarnao (Israele),” in: Garraffo S. and Mazza M. (eds.), Il Tesorodi Misurata (Libia), pp. 113–127

Aviam, Mordechai

1999 “Christian Galilee in the Byzantine Period,” in: Meyers E. (ed.), Galilee through the Centuries: Confluence of Cultures, Winona Lake, IN: Eisenbrauns, pp. 281–300

2000 “Kefar Bar’am,” in: Hadashot Arkheologiyot, Vol. 111, pp. 4–6

2001 “The Ancient Synagogues at Bar’am,” in: Avery–Peck A.J. and Neusner J. (eds.), Judaism in Late Antiquity. Part Three: Where We Stand: Issues and Debates in Ancient Judaism, Vol. 4 – The Special Problem of the Synagogue, Leiden: Brill, pp. 155–184

2004 Jews, pagans, and Christians in the Galilee: 25 years of archaeological excavations and surveys: Hellenistic to Byzantine periods, Rochester, NY: University of Rochester Press

2016 “Another Reading Table Base from a Galilean Synagogue: Some Comments on the Stone Table from Ḥorvat Kur,” in: Patrich J. Peleg–Barkat O. and Ben–Yosef E. (eds.), Arise, Walk Through the Land – Studies in the Archaeology and History of the Land of Israel in Memory of Yizhar Hirschfeld on the Tenth Anniversary of His Demise, Jerusalem: Israel Exploration Society, pp. 79–82

2019 “The Ancient Synagogues in Galilee,” in: Early Christianity. Galilee in the Hellenistic and Roman Periods: New Perspectives on a Dynamic Region, 3, Vol. 10, Mohr Siebeck, pp. 292–314

Avigad, Nahman

1967 “Ancient Synagogues in Galilee,” in: Ariel, Vol. 19, pp. 4–25

1971 “Beth Alpha,” in: Encyclopaedia Judaica, Vol. 4, Jerusalem: Keter Publishing House

1983 Discovering Jerualem, Nashville: Thomas Nelson

1993a “Bar’am,” in: NEAEHL, pp. 147–149

1993b “Beth Alpha,” in: NEAEHL, pp. 190–192

Avigad, Nahman and Benjamin Mazar

1993 “Beth She’arim,” in: NEAEHL, pp. 236–248

Avi-Yonah, Michael

1960 “The Synagogue of Caesarea (Preliminary report),” in: Louis M. Rabinowitz Fund, Bulletin III, pp. 44–48

1963 “Notes and News — Caesarea,” in: Israel Exploration Journal, Vol. 13, pp. 146–148

1973 “Editor’s Note,” in: Israel Exploration Journal, vol. 23, pp. 43–45

1978 “Synagogues,” in: Encyclopedia of Archaeological Excavations in the Holy Land, Vol. 4, pp. 1129–1138

1981 “Some Comments on the Capernaum Excavations,” in: Levine L. (ed.), Ancient Synagogues Revealed, Jerusalem: The Israel Exploration Society, pp. 60–62

1993 “Caesarea,” in: New Encyclopedia of Archaeological Excavations in the Holy Land, Vol 1, pp. 278–279

Avi-Yonah, Michael and Avraham Negev

1975 “Caesarea,” in: Encyclopedia of Archaeological Excavations in the Holy Land, Jerusalem: Israel Exploration Society, pp. 270–285

Avni, Gideon

2014 The Byzantine–Islamic Transition in Palestine: An Archaeological Approach, Oxford University Press

Bagatti, Bellarmino

1971 Antichi villaggi christiani di Galilea, Jerusalem: Franciscan Printing Press

Baker, David Weston

2006 Joel, Obadiah, Malachi (The NIV Application Commentary), Zondervan Academic

Balberg, Mira

2017 Blood for Thought. The Reinvention of Sacrifice in Early Rabbinic Literature, University of California Press

Bamberger, Avigail Manekin

2015 “Jewish Legal Formulae in the Aramaic Incantation Bowls,” in: Aramaic Studies, Vol. 13, No. 1, pp. 69–81

2020 “Who Were the Jewish “Magicians” behind the Aramaic Incantation Bowls?,” in: Journal of Jewish Studies, Vol. 71, No. 2, pp. 235–254

Bar–Ilan, Meir

2002 “Between magic and religion: Sympathetic magic in the world of the sages of the Mishnah and Talmud,” in: The review of rabbinic Judaism: ancient, medieval and modern, Vol. 5, No. 3, pp. 383–399

Barag, Dan

1993 “Ma’on (Nirim),” in: NEAEHL, pp. 944–946

Barag, Dan and Yoseph Porat

1970 “The Synagogue at En–Gedi,” in: Qadmoniyot, Vol. 3, pp. 97–100 (Hebrew)

Barag, Dan, Yoseph Porat, and Ehud Netzer

1972 “The Second Season of Excavations in the Synagogue at En–Gedi,” in: Qadmoniot, Vol. 2, pp. 52–54 (Hebrew)

1981 “The synagogue at ‘En–Gedi,” in: Levine L. (ed.), Ancient Synagogues Revealed, Jerusalem: The Israel Exploration Society, pp. 116–119

Barkay, Rachel

1997 “Roman and Byzantine coins,” in: Hirschfeld Y. (ed.), The Roman Baths of Hammat Gader, Jerusalem, pp. 138–144

2000 “The Byzantine Period Wishing Spring of Ein Tzur in the Holy Land,” in: XXII Internationaler Numismatischer Kongress Berlin 1997, Actes 2, Berlin, pp. 855–858

Baron, Salo Wittmayer

1942 The Jewish Community: Its History and Structure to the American Revolution, 3 Vols. Philadelphia: Jewish Publication Society

Bates, George

1971 Byzantine Coins. Archaeological Exploration of Sardis, Harvard University Press

Becatti, Giovanni

1969 Scavi di Ostia, 6. Edificio con opus sectile fuori Porta Marina, Rome: Instituto Poligrafico dello Stato

Bell, Catherine

2009 Ritual: Perspectives and Dimensions, Oxford: Oxford University Press

Ben-David, Chaim

2007 “Golan Gem: The Ancient Synagogue of Deir Aziz,” in: Biblical Archaeology Review, Vol. 33, No. 6, pp. 44–51

2021 “On the Number of Synagogues and Their Location in the Holy Land,” in: Bonnie, Rick, Raimo Hakola, and Ulla Tervahauta (eds.), The Synagogue in Ancient Palestine: Current Issues and Emerging Trends, Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, pp. 175–193

Ben–Eliyahu, Eyal

2019 Identity and Territory. Jewish Perceptions of Space in Antiquity, University of California Press

Bendall, Simon

1995 “A Byzantine Numismatic Amulet”, in: Numismatic Circular, Vol. 103.3, p. 87

Bijovsky, Gabriela

1998 The Gush Halav Hoard reconsidered, in: ‘Atiquot, Vol. 35, Jerusalem: Israel Antiquities Authority, pp. 77–106

2000 The Currency of the Fifth Century C.E. in Palestine – Some Reflections in Light of the Numismatic Evidence, in: Israel Numismatic Journal, Vol. 14, Israel: Israel Exploration Society, pp. 196–210

2002 A Hoard of Byzantine solidi from Bet She’an in the Umayyad Period, in: Revue numismatique, Vol. 6, pp. 161–227

2007a The Coins, in: Hirschfeld Y. En–Gedi Excavations II, Final Report (1996–2002), Jerusalem: Israel Exploration Society, pp. 157–233

2007b “Numismatic Evidence for the Gallus Revolt: The Hoard from Lod,” in: Israel Exploration Journal, vol. 57, No. 2, pp. 187–203

2009 Numismatic report, in: Meyers E. & Meyers C. 2009, Excavations at Ancient Nabratein: Synagogue and Environs, Indiana: Eisenbrauns, pp. 374–395

2012a Gold Coins and Small Change: Monetary circulation in Fifth–Seventh Century Byzantine Palestine, Italy: EUT Edizione Universita di Trieste

2012b “A Byzantine Gold Hoard from Rehob (H. Parwa),” in: Israel Numismatic Research, Vol. 7, pp. 147–158

2012c “Coins from Khirbet Fa‛ush, Maccabim,” in: Carmin N. (ed.), Christians and Christianity, 3: Churches and Monasteries in Samaria and Northern Judea (Judea and Samaria Publications, 15), Jerusalem, pp. 345–362

2018 “Coins from Khirbet Wadi Hamam,” in: Leibner U. 2018, Khirbet Wadi Hamam, A Roman–Period Village and Synagogue in the Lower Galilee, Jerusalem: The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, pp. 518–581

2019 “Coins of the Hellenistic to Byzantine Periods,” in: Weksler–Bdolah S. and Onn A. (eds.), Jerusalem. Western Wall Plaza Excavations, Volume I. The Roman and Byzantine Remains: Architecture and Stratigraphy, IAA Reports 63, Jerusalem: Israel Antiquities Authority, pp. 165–194

Binder, Donald

1999 Into the Temple Courts. The Place of the Synagogue in the Second Temple Period, Atlanta

Bjorkman, Judith Kingston

1994 Hoards and deposits in Bronze Age Mesopotamia, PhD Dissertation, University of Pennsylvania

Blanchet, Adrien

1900 Les trésors de monnaies romaines et les invasions germaniques en Gaule, Paris

Bland, Roger

2012 “From Gordian III to the Gallic Empire (AD 238–274),” in: Metcalf W. (ed.), The Oxford Handbook of Greek and Roman Coinage, Oxford University Press, pp. 514–534

2018a “Quantifying the Size of Coinage: Die–Studies or Coin Finds,” in: Elkins N. and Evans DeRose J. (eds.), Concordia Disciplinarum, Essays on Ancient Coinage, History, and Archaeology in Honor of William E. Metcalf, New York: The American Numismatic Society, pp. 223–233

2018b Coin Hoards and Hoarding in Roman Britain AD 43–c.498, London: Spink

Bloch, Maurice and Jonathan Parry

1989 “Introduction: Money and the Morality of Exchange,” in: Parry J. and Bloch M. (eds.), Money and the Morality of Exchange, Cambridge, pp. 1–32

Bloom, Maureen

2007 Jewish Mysticism and Magic. And Anthropological Perspective, London and New York: Routledge

Bohak, Gideon

2008 Ancient Jewish Magic: A History, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press

2011 “The Magical Rotuli from the Cairo Genizah,” in: Bohak G. et al. (eds.), Continuity and Innovation in the Magical Tradition (Jerusalem Studies in Religion and Culture, 15), Leiden–Boston: Brill, pp. 321–340

2017 “Magic in the Cemeteries of Late Antique Palestine,” in: Tal O. and Weiss Z. (eds.), Expressions of Cult in the Southern Levant in the Greco–Roman Period, Turnhout: Brepols, pp. 157–174

2019 “Jewish Amulets, Magic Bowls, and Manuals in Aramaic and Hebrew,” in: Frankfurter D. (ed.), Guide to the Study of Ancient Magic, Leiden: Brill, pp. 388–415

Bonner, Campbell

1950 Studies in Magical Amulets, Chiefly Graeco–Egyptian, Ann Arbor: the University of Michigan Press

Bonnie, Rick and Julian Richard

2012 “Building D1 at Magdala Revisited in the Light of Public Fountain Architecture in the Late–Hellenistic East,” in: Israel Exploration Journal, Vol. 62, pp. 71–88

Bonnie, Rick, Raimo Hakola, and Ulla Tervahauta (eds.)

2021 The Synagogue in Ancient Palestine: Current Issues and Emerging Trends, Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht

Bornblum Eretz Israel Synagogues Website

2019 http://synagogues.kinneret.ac.il/

Brand, Yehoshua

1953 Ceramics in Talmudic Literature, Jerusalem: Mosad ha–Rav Kuk (Hebrew)

Branham, Joan

1992 “Sacred Space under Erasure in Ancient Synagogues and Early Churches”, in: The Art Bulletin, Vol. 74, No. 3, pp. 375–394

1995 Vicarious Sacrality: Temple Space in Ancient Synagogues, in: Urman D. and Flesher P. (eds.), Ancient Synagogues, Historical Analysis and Archaeological Discovery, Vol. 2, Leiden: Brill, pp. 319–345

Britt, Karen and Ra’anan Boustan

2017 The Elephant mosaic panel in the synagogue at Huqoq: official publication and initial interpretations, JRA Suppl. 106

Brooten, Bernadette

1982 Women Leaders in the Ancient Synagogue, Inscriptional Evidence and Background Issues, Chico, CA: Scholars Press

2000 “Female Leadership in the Ancient Synagogue,” in: Levine L. and Weiss Z. (eds.), From Dura to Sepphoris: Studies in Jewish Art and Society in Late Antiquity, Journal of Roman Archaeology, Supplementary Series Vol. 40, pp. 215–223

Bruck, Guido

1961 Die Spätrömische Kupferprägung, Austria: Akademische Druck–U. Verlagsanstalt

Bruhn, Jutta–Annette

1993 Coins and Costume in Late Antiquity, Washington D.C.: Dumbarton Oaks Research Library and Collection.

Bunimowitz, Shlomo and Orna Zimhoni

1993 “Lamp–and–bowl foundation deposits in Canaan,” in: Israel Exploration Journal, Vol. 43, pp. 99–125

Burnett, Andrew

1987 Coinage in the Roman World, London: Seaby

1991 Interpreting the Past. Coins, University of California Press/British Museum

Burrell, Barbara

2007 “A Hoard of Minimi from Sardis and the Currency of the Fifth Century CE,” in: Revue Numismatique, Vol. 163, pp.235–282

2008 “Small Bronze Hoards at Late Fifth Century C.E. Sardis,” in: Cahill N. (ed.), Love for Lydia. A Sardis Anniversary Volume Presented to Crawford H. Greenewalt, Jr. Harvard University Press, pp. 159–169

Burström, Nanouschka Myrberg

2009 “The social identity of coin hoards: An example of theory and practice in the space between numismatics and archaeology,” in: von Kaenel H.M. and Kemmers F. (eds.), Coins in Context I. New perspectives for the interpretation of coin finds. Colloquium Frankfurt a. M. October 25–27, 2007, Mainz am Rhein: Verlag Philipp Von Zabern, pp. 157–171

2019 “Money, Coins, and Archaeology: Trends in Scholarship,” in: Naismith R. (ed.), Money and Coinage in the Middle Ages, Leiden: Brill, pp. 231–263

Burström, Nanouschka Myrberg and Gitte Tarnow Ingvardson (eds.)

2017 Divina Moneta, Coins in Religion and Ritual, London: Routledge

Burtchaell, James Tunstead

1992 From Synagogue to Church: Public Services and Offices in the Earliest Christian Communities, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press

Butcher, Kevin

2013 “Coins and Hoards,” in: Aylward W. (ed.), Excavations at Zeugma Conducted by Oxford Archaeology, Vol. III, Los Altos: Packard Humanities Institute, pp. 1–92

2016 “Coin Finds and the Monetary Economy: the Good, the Bad, and the Irrelevant,” in: Duyrat F. and Grandjean C. (eds.), Les Monnaies de Fouille du Monde Grec (VIᵉ – Iᵉ s.a.C.) Apports, Approches et Méthodes, Bordeaux: Ausonius, pp. 225–237

Buttrey, Theodore V.

1981 “The Roman Coins,” in: Hanfmann G. and Scott J. (eds.), Archaeological Exploration of Sardis, Harvard University Press, pp. 90–203

Buttrey, Theodore V, Johnston A. MacKenzie K.M. and Michael L. Bates

1981 Greek, Roman, and Islamic Coins from Sardis, Cambridge: Harvard University Press

Caccamo Caltabiano, Maria

2018 “Image as Word and Decoding Coin Images,” in: Iossif P.P. De Callataÿ Fr. and Veymiers R. (eds.), TΥΠΟI, Greek and Roman Coins Seen Through Their Images, Noble Issuers, Humble Users?, Belgium: Press de Liège, pp. 77–96

Callegher, Bruno

1997 “Un Ripostiglio di Monete d’Oro Bizantine dalla Sinagoga di Cafarnao,” in: Liber Annuus, Vol. 47, pp. 329–338

2007 Cafarnao IX. Monete dell’area urbana di Cafarnao (1968–2003), Jerusalem: Ed. Terra Santa

2016 “Imitations and Proto–Vandalic Nummi in the Circulating Stock in Upper Gallilee between the End of the 5th and Early 6th Century: The Capernaum Deposit (Locus 812),” in: Produktion und Recyceln von Münzen in der Spätantike, RGZM–Tagungen, Vol. 29, pp. 155–196

Caner, Daniel F.

2013 “Alms, Blessings, Offerings: The Repertoire of Christian Gifts in Early Byzantium,” in: Michael L. Satlow (ed.), The Gift in Antiquity, NY: John Wiley & Sons, Inc, pp. 25–44

Carter, Joseph C.

1983 The Sculpture of the Sanctuary of Athena Polias at Priene, Society of Antiquaries of London, Thames and Hudson Ltd

Casey, John

1986 Understanding Ancient Coins. An Introduction for Archaeologists and Historians, London: B.T. Batsford Ltd

Catto, Stephen K.

2007 Reconstructing the First–Century Synagogue: A Critical Analysis of Current Research, New York: T & T Clark

Chen, Doron

1986a “The Design of the Ancient Synagogues in Galilee, III,” in: Liber Annuus, Vol. 36, pp. 235–240

1986b “On the Chronology of the Ancient Synagogue of Capernaum,” in: Zeitschrift des Deutschen Palästina–Vereins, Vol. 102, pp. 134–143

1990 “Dating synagogues in Galilee: On the Evidence from Meroth and Capernaum,” in: Liber Annuus, Vol. 40, pp. 349–355

Cherry, John F.

2011 “Still not digging, much,” in: Archaeological Dialogues, Vol. 18, No. 1, pp. 10–17

Chiat, Marilyn Joyce Segal

1980 “Synagogues and Churches in Byzantine Beit She’an” in: Journal of Jewish Art, Vol 7, pp. 6–24

1982 Handbook of Synagogue Architecture, Chico: Scholars Press

Clark, Howard C.

1994 “The Changing Meaning of Synagogue: A Response to Richard Oster,” in: New Testament Studies, Vol. 40, pp. 281–283

Cohen, Jeremy

1976 ‘‘Roman Imperial Policy toward the Jews from Constantine until the End of the Palestinian Patriarchate (ca. 429),’’ in: Byzantine Studies 3:1, pp. 1–29

Cohen, Stuart A.

1990 The Three Crowns: Structures of Communal Politics in Early Rabbinic Jewry, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press

Cohen, Shaye J.D.

1999a “Were Pharisees and Rabbis the Leaders of Communal Prayer and Torah Study in Antiquity? The Evidence of the New Testament, Josephus, and the Early Church Fathers,” in: Kee, Howard Clark & Cohick, Lynn H. Evolution of the Synagogue: Problems and Progress, Harrisburg: Trinity International Press, pp. 89–105

1999b “The Rabbi in Second–Century Jewish Society,” in: Horbury W., Davies W.D., and Sturdy J. (eds.), The Cambridge History of Judaism, Vol. 3: The Early Roman Period, Cambridge University Press, pp. 922–990

Coin Department of the Israel Antiquities Authority

2019 http://www.antiquities.org.il/about_eng.aspx?Modul_id=57

Conrad, Lawrence I

1986 “The plague in Bilād al–Shām in Pre–Islamic Times,” in: The IVth International Conference on Bilād al–Shām, pp. 143–163

Cooper, Jessica and Ognjen Arandjelovic

2019 “Understanding Ancient Coin Images,” online, arXiv:1903.02665 [cs.CV]. arxiv.org/abs/1903.02665

Corbo, Virgilio

1974 “Scavi archeologici a Magdala,’ in: Liber Annuus, Vol. 24, pp. 5–37

1975 Cafarnao I: Gli Edifici della Citta, Jerusalem: Franciscan Printing Press

1976 “La città romana di Magdala: rapporto preliminare dopo la quarta campagna di scavo,1975,” in: Studia Hierosolymitana, Vol. 1, pp. 355–378

Corbo, Virgilio and Stanislao Loffredo

1970 La Sinagoga di Cafarnao dopo gli scavi del 1969, Jerusalem: Tip. dei PP. Francescani

Crawford, Michael

1970 “Money and Exchange in the roman World,” in: Journal of Roman Studies, Vol. 60, pp. 40–48

1983 “Numismatics,” in: Crawford, M. (ed.), Sources for Ancient History, Cambridge University Press, pp. 185–233

2003 “Thesauri, hoards and votive deposits,” in: Sanctuaires et Sources dans l’Antiquité. Les Sources Documentaires et leurs Limites dans la Description des Lieux de Culte, Napoli, pp. 69–84

Crease, Susheela Marie Elizabeth

2015 Re–Thinking Ritual Traditions: Interpreting Structured Deposition in Watery Contexts in Late Pre–Roman Iron Age and Roman Britain, PhD Dissertation, University College London

Croteau, David

2005 A Biblical and Theological Analysis of Tithing: Toward a Theology of Giving in the New Covenant Era, PhD Dissertation, Southeastern Baptist Theological Seminary, Wake Forest

Curta, Florin and Andrei Gândilă

2012 “Hoards and Hoarding Patterns in the Early Byzantine Balkans,” in: Dumbarton Oaks Papers, Vols. 56 and 66, pp. 45–111

Damati, Emanuel

2000 The Meroth Synagogue and its implication on the Chronology of Galilean Synagogues, MA Thesis (Hebrew)

Dar, Shimon

1988 “Horvat Sumaqa: Settlement from the Roman and Byzantine Periods in the Carmel,” in: Bulletin of the Anglo–Israel Archaeological Society, Vol. 8, pp. 34–48

1993 “Horvat Sumaqa,” in: NEAEHL, pp. 1412–1415

1998 Sumaqa: A Jewish Village on the Carmel, Tel Aviv (Hebrew)

1999 Sumaqa: A Roman and Byzantine Village on Mount Carmel, BAR International Series 815, Israel: Archaeopress

Dar, Shimon and Yohanan Mintzker

1989 “The Synagogue of Horvat Sumaqa,” in: Hachlili R. (ed.), Ancient Synagogues in Israel: Third–Seventh century C.E. BAR International Series 449, Oxford, pp. 17–20

1995 “The Synagogue of Horvat Sumaqa, 1983–1993,” in: Urman D. and Flesher P. (eds.), Ancient Synagogues: Historical Analysis and Archaeological Discovery, Vol. 1, Leiden: Brill, pp. 157–165

Dauphin, Claudine

1998 La Palestine Byzantine: Peuplement et Population, Oxford, Vol. 3

De Bruyn, Theodore

2017 Making Amulets Christian. Artefacts, Scribes, and Contexts, Oxford University Press

DePietro, Dana Douglas

2012 Piety, Practice, and Politics: Agency and Ritual in the Late Bronze Age Southern Levant, PhD Dissertation, University of California, Berkeley

Dickie, Matthew W.

1995 “The Fathers of the Church and the Evil Eye,” in: Maguire H. (ed.), Byzantine Magic, Washington D.C.: Harvard University Press, pp. 9–34

Dolev, M.

1988 “Coins from Arbel,” in: Ilan Z. (ed.), Arbel: An Ancient Jewish Settlement in the Eastern Lower Galilee, pp. 29–34 (Hebrew)

Donderer, Michael

1984 “Münzen als Bauopfer in römischen Privathäusern,” in: Bonner Jahrbüch des Rheinischen Lanesmuseums in Bonn und des Vereins von Altertumsfreunden im Rheinlande, Vol. 184, pp. 177–187

Dothan, Moshe

1962 “Hammath Tiberias,” in: Israel Exploration Journal, Vol. 12, pp. 153–154 (Hebrew)

1963a “Hammath Tiberias,” in: Hadashot Arkheologiyot, Vol. 5, pp. 11–12 (Hebrew)

1963b “Hammath Tiberias,” in: Revue Biblique, Vol. 70, pp. 588–590 (Hebrew)

1968 “The Synagogues at Hammath–Tiberias,” in: Qadmoniyot, Vol. 4, pp. 116–123 (Hebrew)

1973 “The Ancient Synagogues discovered at Hammath–Tiberias,” in: Avisar O. (ed.), Sefer Tveria, Jerusalem, pp. 43–46 (Hebrew)

1981 “The synagogue at Hammath–Tiberias,” in: Levine L. (ed.), Ancient Synagogues Revealed, Jerusalem: The Israel Exploration Society, pp. 63–69

1983 Hammath Tiberias, Vol. I, Jerusalem: Israel Exploration Society

1993 “Hammath–Tiberias,” in: NEAEHL, pp. 573–577

2000 Hammath Tiberias, Vol. II Jerusalem: Israel Exploration Society

Doty, Richard G.

1982 The Macmillan Encyclopedic Dictionary of Numismatics, New York: Macmillan

Downs, David

2015 Alms : Charity, Reward, and Atonement in Early Christianity, Baylor University Press

Dray, Yehoshua, Ilana Gonen, and Chaim Ben-David

2017 “The Synagogue of Umm el–Qanatir: Preliminary Report,” in: Israel Exploration Journal, Vol. 67, No. 2, pp. 209–231

Drennan, Robert D.

1996 Statistics for Archaeologists, A Commonsense Approach, New York and London: Plenum Press

Duncan, Carrie

2012 The Rhetoric of Participation: Gender and Representation in Ancient Synagogues, PhD Dissertation, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill

Durkheim, Émile

1915 The Elementary Forms of the Religious Life, reprint of 1912 edition, New York: Macmillan

Duyrat, Frédérique

2016a Wealth and Warfare. The Archaeology of Money in Ancient Syria, New York: The American Numismatic Society

2016b “Some Recommendations for Publishing Coins from Excavations,” in: Duyrat F. and Grandjean C. (eds.), Les monnaies de fouille du monde grec (VIe–Ier s. a.C.). Apports, approches et méthodes (Ausonius Scripta Antiqua 93), Bordeaux, pp.297–302

el–Adly, Sanaa Abd el–Azim

1981 Das Gründungs– und Weiheritual des Ägyptischen Tempels von der frühgeschichtlichen Zeit bis zum Ende des Neuen Reiches, PhD Dissertation, University of Tübingen

Elkins, Nathan

2009 “Coins, Contexts, and an Iconographic Approach for the 21st Century,” in: von Kaenel H.M. and Kemmers F. (eds.), Coins in Context I. New perspectives for the interpretation of coin finds. Colloquium Frankfurt a. M. October 25–27, 2007, Mainz am Rhein: Verlag Philipp Von Zabern, pp. 25–46

2017 The Image of Political Power in the Reign of Nerva, AD 96–98, New York: Oxford University Press

Elkins, Nathan and Stefan Krmnicek (eds.)

2014 ‘Art in the Round’ New Approaches to Ancient Coin Iconography, RahdenWestf.: Verlag Marie Leidorf GmbH

Elliott, John H.

2016 Beware the Evil Eye. Volume 3: The Evil Eye in the Bible and the Ancient World – The Bible and Related Sources, Cascade Books

2017 Beware the Evil Eye. Volume 4: The Evil Eye in the Bible and the Ancient World – Postbiblical Israel and Early Christianity through Late Antiquity, Cascade Books

Ellis, Richard

1968 Foundation Deposits in Ancient Mesopotamia, New Haven and London: Yale University Press

Erlich, Adi

2018 “The patriarch and the emperor: The Elephant mosaic panel in the Huqoq synagogue reconsidered,” in: Journal of Roman Archaeology, Vol. 31, pp. 542–558

Eshel, Hanan and Rivka Leiman

2010 “Jewish Amulets Written on Metal Scrolls,” in: Journal of Ancient Judaism, Vol. 1, pp. 189–199

Evans, DeRose Jane

2013 “Five Small Bronze Hoards from Sardis and their Implication for Coin Circulation in the Fifth Century C.E.” in: Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research, Vol. 369, pp. 137–156

2018 Coins from the Excavations at Sardis. Their Archaeological and Economic Contexts. Coins from the 1973 to 2013 Excavations, Harvard University Press

Evans–Pritchard, Edward Evan

1929 “The Morphology and Function of Magic,” in: American Anthropologist, New Series, Vol. 31(4), pp. 619–641

Fine, Steven

1996a “From Meeting House to Sacred Realm: Holiness and the Ancient Synagogue,” in: Fine S. (ed.), Sacred Realm: The Emergence of the Synagogue in the Ancient World, Oxford University Press, pp. 21–47

1996b Sacred Realm: The Emergence of the Synagogue in the Ancient World, (ed.), Oxford University Press

1997 This Holy Place. On the Sanctity of the Synagogue during the Greco–Roman Period, Notre Dame: University of Notre Dame Press

1999 “Sage, priest, and poet: typologies of religious leadership in the ancient synagogue,” in: Jews, Christians and Polytheists in the Ancient Synagogue, Fine S. (ed.), London and New York: Routledge, pp. 89–104

2010 Art and Judaism in the Greco–Roman World: Toward a new Jewish Archaeology, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press

2018 “Review of The Elephant Mosaic Panel in the Synagogue at Huqoq: Official Publication and Initial Interpretations, by Karen Britt and Ra‘anan S. Boustan,” in: Images, Vol. 11, pp. 1–3

Fine, Steven and S. Della Pergola

1995 “The Synagogue of Ostia and Its Torah Shrine,” in: Goodnick J. (ed.), The Jewish Presence in Ancient Rome, Jerusalem, pp. 42–57

Fischer, Moshe and Ortal–Paz Saar

2007 “A Magical Mirror Plaque from Yavneh–Yam,” in: Israel Exploration Journal, Vol. 57, pp.83–86

Flatto, David C.

2020 The Crown and the Courts. Separation of Powers in the Early Jewish Imagination, Harvard University Press

Flesher, Paul

1995 “Palestinian Synagogues before 70 CE: A Review of the Evidence,” in: Dan Urman and Paul V. M. Flesher (eds.), Ancient Synagogues: Historical Analysis and Archaeological Discovery, Vol. 1, Leiden: Brill, pp. 27–39

2001 “Prolegomenon to a Theory of Early Synagogue Development,” in: Avery–Peck A.J. and Neusner J. (eds.), Judaism in Late Antiquity. Part Three: Where We Stand: Issues and Debates in Ancient Judaism, Vol. 4 – The Special Problem of the Synagogue, Leiden: Brill, pp. 121–153

Floriani Squarciapino, Maria

1961 “La Sinagoga di Ostia,” in: Bollettino d’arte, Vol. 46, pp. 326–337

1962 “La Sinagoga recentemente scoperta ad Ostia,” in: RednPontAcc, Vol. 34, pp. 119–132

1963a “Ebrei a Roma e ad Ostia,” in: StRom, Vol. 11, pp. 129–141

1963b “The Synagogue at Ostia,” in: Archaeology, Vol. 16, pp. 194–203

1963c “Die Synagoge von Ostia nach der Zweiten Ausgrabungskampagne,” in: Raggi. Zeitschrift für Kunstgeschichte und Archäologie, Vol. 5, pp. 13–17

1963d “The Most Ancient Synagogue Known from Monumental Remains,” in: Illustrated London News, Vol.28, pp. 468–471

1964 La Sinagoga di Ostia, Rome

1972 “Plotius Fortunatus archisynagogus,” in: La Rassegna mensile di Israel, Vol. 36, pp. 183–191

Foerster, Gideon

1971 “Notes on Recent Excavations at Capernaum (Review Article),” in: Israel Exploration Journal, Vol. 21, No. 4, pp. 207–211

1981a “A survey of Ancient Diaspora Synagogues,” in: Levine L. (ed.), Ancient Synagogues Revealed, Jerusalem: The Israel Exploration Society, pp. 164–171

1981b “Notes on Recent Excavations at Capernaum,” in: Levine L. (ed.), Ancient Synagogues Revealed, Jerusalem: The Israel Exploration Society, pp. 57–59

Ford, James Nathan

2002 “Another Look at the Mandaic Incantation Bowl BM 91715,” in: Journal of the Ancient Near Eastern Society of Columbia University, Vol. 29, pp. 31–47

Franke, P.R.

1961 “Inschriftliche und numismatische Zeugnisse für die Chronologie des Artemis–Temple zu Sardis,” in: AM, Vol. 76, pp. 197–208

Frankel, Rafael, Nimrod Getzov, Mordechai Aviam, and Avi Degani

2001 Settlement Dynamics and Regional Diversity in Ancient Upper Galilee, Jerusalem: Israel Antiquities Authority

Frankfurter, David

1994 “The Magic of Writing and the Writing of Magic,” in: Helios, Vol. 21, pp. 189–221

2019 “Introduction,” in: Frankfurter D. (ed.), Guide to the Study of Ancient Magic, Leiden: Brill, pp. 29–35

Frey, Albert A.

1917 Dictionary of Numismatic Names, Their Official and Popular Designations, New York (reprinted 2013, HardPress Publishing)

Frey, Jean–Baptiste

1930–1931 “Les Communautés Juives à Rome aux Premiers Temps de l’Eglise,’’ in: Reserches de Science Religieuse, Vol. 20 (1930), pp. 269–270; 21 (1931), pp. 129–168

Frey–Kupper, Suzanne and Fleur Kemmers

2018 “Coin Finds and the Study of Classical Antiquity. Current Practice and Future Directions,” in: Pardini G., Parise N., and Marani F. (eds.), Numismatica e Archeologia. Monete, stratigrafie e contesti. Dati a confronto, Rome: Edizioni Quasar, pp. 675–679

Fulghum, Mary Margaret

2001 “Coins Used as Amulets in Late Antiquity,” in: Asirvatham S. R. Pache C. O. and Watrous J. (eds.), Between Magic and Religion, Lanham: Oxford, pp. 139–147

Gal, Zvi

1995 “Ancient Synagogues in the Eastern Lower Galilee,” in: Urman D. and Flesher P. (eds.), Ancient Synagogues: Historical Analysis and Archaeological Discovery, Leiden: Brill, pp. 166–73

Gardner, Gregg

2015 The Origins of Organized Charity in Rabbinic Judaism, Cambridge University Press

Garfinkel, Yosef

1994 “Ritual Burial of Cultic Objects: The Earliest Evidence,” in: Cambridge Archaeological Journal, Vol. 4, No.2, pp. 159–188

Gil, Moshe

1996 “The Political History of Jerusalem during the Early Muslim Period,” in: Prower J. and Ben–Shammai H. (eds.), The History of Jerusalem: The Early Muslim Period (639–1099), NY: New York University Press, pp, 1–37

1997 A History of Palestine, 634–1099, Cambridge University Press

Gitin, Seymour & Amir Golani

2001 “The Tel–Miqne–Ekron Silver hoards: The Assyrian and Phoenician Connections,” in: Balmuth M.S. (ed.), From Hacksilber to Coinage: New Insights into the Monetary History of the Near East and Greece, Numismatic Studies No. 24 , pp. 27–48

Goodenough, Erwin R.

1953–1968 Jewish Symbols in the Greco–Roman Period, 13 Vols. New York: Pantheon

Goodman, Martin

1983 State and Society in Roman Galilee, A.D. 132–212, Totowa: Rowman & Allenheld

1992 “The Roman State and the Jewish Patriarch in the Third Century,’’ in: Levine L. (ed.), The Galilee in Late Antiquity, New York: Jewish Theological Seminary

Gordon, Benjamin and Zeev Weiss

2018 “Samuel and Saul at Gilgal: a new interpretation of the Elephant mosaic panel in the Huqoq synagogue,” in: Journal of Roman Archaeology, Vol. 31, pp. 524–541

Govaars, Marylinda, Marie Spiro, and Michael L. White

2009 The Joint Expedition to Caesarea Maritima Excavations Report: Field O, The Joint Expedition to Caesarea Maritima, Excavation Reports 9, Boston: ASOR

Grabbe, Lester L.

1995 “Synagogues in Pre–70 Palestine: A Re–Assessment,” in: Urman D. and Flesher P. (eds.), Ancient Synagogues: Historical Analysis and Archaeological Discovery, Leiden: Brill, pp. 17–26

Grey, Matt

2011 Jewish Priests and the Social History of Post–70 Palestine, PhD Dissertation, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill

2021 “Priests, Judean Community Assemblies, and Synagogue Development in the Second Temple Period,” in: Bonnie, Rick, Raimo Hakola, and Ulla Tervahauta (eds.), The Synagogue in Ancient Palestine: Current Issues and Emerging Trends, Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, pp. 97–131

Grierson, Philip

1965 “ The interpretation of coin finds (I). The president’s address, session 1964–5, delivered 16 June 1965,”in: Numismatic Chronicle, 7th ser. Vol.5, pp. i–xvi

1966 “The interpretation of coin finds (II). The president’s address, session 1965–1966, delivered 15 June 1966,”in: Numismatic Chronicle, 7th ser. Vol. 6, pp. i–xxi

1975 Numismatics, London–Oxford–New York: Oxford University Press

1999 Byzantine Coinage, Washington D.C.: Dumbarton Oaks

Groh, Dennis

1998 “The Stratigraphic Chronology of the Galilean Synagogue from the Early Roman Period through the Early Byzantine Period (Ca. 420 CE),” in: Urman D. and Flesher P. (eds.), Ancient Synagogues: Historical Analysis and Archaeological Discovery, Leiden: Brill, pp. 51–69

Guerra, Tupá

2017 Encountering Evil: Apotropaic Magic in the Dead Sea Scrolls, PhD dissertation; University of Birmingham

Guest, Peter

2012 “The Production, Supply and Use of Late Roman and Early Byzantine Copper Coinage in the Eastern Empire,” in: The Numismatic Chronicle, Vol. 172, pp. 105–131

2015 “The Burial, Loss and Recovery of Roman Coin Hoards in Britain and Beyond: past, present and future,” in: Naylor J. and Bland R. (eds.), Hoarding and the Deposition of Metalwork from the Bronze Age to the 20th Century: A British Perspective, BAR British Series, Vol. 615, Oxford: Archaeopress, pp. 101–116

Guinan, Ann

1996 “Social Constructions and Private Designs. The House Omens of šumma Alu,” In: Veenhof K. (ed.), Houses and Households in Ancient Mesopotamia. Papers read at the 40e Rencontre Assyriologique Internationale Leiden, July 5–8 1993, Leiden: Nederlands Instituut voor het Nabije Oosten, pp. 61–68

Gutmann Joseph

1975 The Synagogue: Studies in Origins, Archaeology and Architecture, New–York: Ktav Publishing House Inc.

Habas, Lihi

2000 “The bema and chancel screen in synagogues and their origin,” in Levine L. and Weiss Z. (eds.), From Dura to Sepphoris: Studies in Jewish Art and Society in Late Antiquity, JRASup 40, Portsmouth, RI: JRA, pp. 111–130

Hachlili, Rachel

1989 Ancient Synagogues in Israel, Third – Seventh century C.E.: Proceedings of Symposium, University of Haifa, May 1987, (ed.), BAR Int. 499, Haifa and Oxford: Hecht Museum, University of Haifa, and British Archaeological Reports

1998 Ancient Jewish art and Archaeology in the Diaspora, Leiden: Brill

2000 “Torah Shrine and Ark in Ancient Synagogues: a Re–evaluation,” in: Zeitschrift des Deutschen Palästina–Vereins, Vol. 116, pp. 146–183

2009 Ancient Mosaic Pavements: Iconographic Themes, Issues and Trends, Leiden–Boston: Brill

2013 Ancient Synagogues: A,”rchaeology and Art: New Discoveries and Current Research, Leiden: Brill

Hachlili, Rachel and Ann Killebrew

1983 “Was the Coin–on–Eye Custom a Jewish Burial Practice in the Second Temple Period?,” in: Biblical Archaeologist, Vol. 46, No. 3, pp. 147–153

Hackworth, Jason R

2012 Faith Based. Religious Neoliberalism and the Politics of Welfare in the United States, University of Georgia Press

Hadas, Gideon

2005 “The Excavations in the Village of ‘En Gedi, 1993–1995,” in: ’Atiqot, vol. 49*, pp. 41–71 (Hebrew) and 136–137 (English)

Hahn, Wolfgang

2000 Money of the Incipient Byzantine Empire (Anastasius I–Justinian I, 491–565), Vienna

Hahn, Wolfgang and Michael Metlich

2009 Money of the Incipient Byzantine Empire Continued (Justin II– Revolt of the Heraclii, 565–610), Vienna

Hamel, Gildas

1990 Poverty and Charity in Roman Palestine, First Three Centuries C.E. University of California Press

Hammond, Dorothy

1970 “Magic: A Problem in Semantics”, in: American Anthropologist, Vol. 72(6), pp. 1349–1356

Hanfmann, George M.A.

1964 “The Sixth Campaign at Sardis (1963),” in: Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research, Vol. 174, pp. 3–58

1965 “The Seventh Campaign at Sardis (1964),” in: Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research, Vol. 177, pp. 2–37

1972 Letters from Sardis, Cambridge, MA

1978 Sculpture from Sardis: The Finds through 1975, Cambridge, MA

1983 Sardis, from Prehistoric to Roman Times, (ed.), Harvard University Press

Hanfmann, George M.A. and Barbara Burrell

1981 “Notes on some Archaeological Contexts,” in: Hanfmann G. and Scott J. (eds.), Archaeological Exploration of Sardis, Harvard University Press, pp. xx–xxiv

Hanfmann, George M.A. and Louis L Majewski L.

1967 “The Ninth Campaign at Sardis (1966),” in: Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research, Vol. 187, pp. 9–62

Hanfmann, George M.A. Mitten David Gordon, and Andrew Ramage

1968 “The tenth Campaign at Sardis (1967),” in: Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research, Vol. 191, pp. 2–41

Hanfmann, George M.A. and Jane Ayer Scott

1981 Archaeological Exploration of Sardis, Harvard University Press

Hanfmann, George M.A. and and Ruth S. Thomas

1971 “The thirteenth Campaign at Sardis (1970),” in: Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research, Vol. 203, pp. 5–22

Hanfmann, George M.A. Swift G.F. Jr. D.G. Mitten, and Julian Whittlesey

1966 “The Eighth Campaign at Sardis (1965)”, in: Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research, Vol. 182, pp. 2–54

Hanfmann, George M.A. Waldbaum J.C. Ramage A. Goldstein S.M. Majewski L.T. and George E. Bates

1970 “The Eleventh and Twelfth Campaign at Sardis (1968, 1969),” in: Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research, Vol. 199, pp. 7–58

Harari, Yuval

2017 Jewish magic: before the rise of Kabbalah, Detroit, Michigan: Wayne State University Press

2019 “Ancient Israel and Early Judaism,” in: Frankfurter D. (ed.), Guide to the Study of Ancient Magic, Leiden: Brill, pp. 139–174

Har–Even, Benjamin and Lior Shapira

2012 “A Late Roman Tower and a Byzantine Church in Khirbet Fa‘ush, Maccabim,” in: Noga C. (ed.), Christians and Christianity, 3: Churches and Monasteries in Samaria and Northern Judea (Judea and Samaria Publications, 15), Jerusalem, pp. 327–344

Haselgrove, Colin and Stefan Krmnicek (eds)

2016 The Archaeology of Money. Proceedings of the Workshop ‘Archaeology and Money’, University of Tübingen, October 2013, Leicester: University of Leicester

Heemstra, Marius

2010 The fiscus Judaicus and the parting of the ways, Tübingen : Mohr Siebeck

Hempel, H.L.

1962 “Synagogenfund in Ostia Antica,” in: Zeitschrift für die Alttestamentliche Wissenschaft, Vol. 74, pp. 72–73

Hendin, David

2000–02 “A Bar Kokhba Lamp Hoard Collection,” in: Israel Numismatic Journal, Vol. 14, pp. 180–184

Hendy, Michael F.

1985 Studies in the Byzantine Monetary Economy c. 300–1450, New York: Cambridge University Press

Heszer, Catherine

2001 Jewish Literacy in Roman Palestine (Texts and Studies in Ancient Judaism), Mohr Siebeck

Hirschfeld, Yizhar

2006 Ein Gedi– A Very Large Village of Jews, (ed.), Hecht Museum: University of Haifa

2007 En–Gedi Excavations II, Israel Exploration Journal

Hoffman, Adina, Peter Cole, and Solomon Schechter

2016 Sacred Trash. The Lost and Found World of the Cairo Geniza, Schocken

Hoffman, Gail

1997 Imports and Immigrants: Near Eastern Contacts with Iron Age Crete, Ann Arbor : University of Michigan Press

Hogarth, David G.

1908 Excavations at Ephesus. The Archaic Artemisia, London: British Museum

Holo, Joshua

2020 “Synagogues under Islam in the Middle Ages,” in: Fine S. (ed.), Jewish Religious Architecture: From Biblical Israel to Modern Judaism, Leiden: Brill, pp. 134–150

Howgego, Christopher

1995 Ancient History from Coins, New York: Routledge

Huffstot, John S.

1998 “Votive (?) Use of Coins in Fourth–Century Lusitania: the Builders’ Deposit in the Torre de Palma Basilica,” in: Revista Portuguesa de Arqueologia, Vol. 1, No. 1, pp. 221–226

Hunt, Gloria R.

2016 Foundation Rituals and the Culture of Building in Ancient Greece, PhD dissertation; University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill

Hüttenmeister, Frowald Gil and Gottfried Reeg

1977 Die antiken Synagogen in Israel, 2 vols. Wiesbaden: L. Reichert

Ilan, Zvi

1986 “Survey of Synagogues,” in: Excavations and Surveys in Israel, Vol. 5, pp. 35–37

1988 “Horvat Arbel,” in: Excavations and Surveys in Israel, Vol. 7–8, pp. 8–9

1989a “The Synagogue and Beth Midrash of Meroth,” in: Hachlili R. (ed.), Ancient Synagogues in Israel: Third–Seventh century C.E. BAR International Series 449, Oxford, pp. 21–41

1989b “Horvat Arbel,” in: Israel Exploration Journal, Vol. 39, pp. 100–102

1991 Ancient Synagogues in Israel, Tel Aviv: Ministry of Defence (Hebrew)

1993 “Meroth,” in: NEAEHL, pp. 1028–1031

1995 “The Synagogue and study House at Meroth,” in: Urman D. and Flesher P. (eds.), Ancient synagogues. Historical Analysis and Archaeological Discovery, Vol. 1, Leiden: Brill, pp. 256–288

Ilan, Zvi and Emanuel Damati

1985 “Merot,” in: Hadashot Arkheologiot, Vol. 86, p. 8 (Hebrew)

1987 “Kh. Marus (Merot),” in: Israel Exploration Journal, Vol. 37, Jerusalem: Israel Exploration Journal, pp. 54–57

Ilan, Zvi and Avraham Izdarechet

1989 “Arbel–An Ancient Town in Eastern Lower Galilee,” in: Qadmoniyot, Vol. 22, No. 3–4, pp. 111–117 (Hebrew)

1993 “Arbel,” in: NEAEHL, pp. 87–89

Irshai, Oded

2003 “The Role of the Priesthood in the Jewish Community in late Antiquity: A Christian Model?,” in: Cluse C. Havercamp A. and Yuval I.J. (eds.), Jüdische Gemeinden und ihr Christlicher Kontext in kulturräumlich vergleichender Betrachtung, pp. 75–85

2004 “The Priesthood in Late Antiquity,” in: Levine L. (ed.), Continuity and Renewal: Jews and Judaism in Byzantine– Christian Palestine, Jerusalem: Ben–Zvi Institute, pp. 67–106 (Hebrew)

2006 “From Oblivion to Fame: The History of the Palestinian Church during the 2nd and 3rd Centuries,” in: Limor O. and Stroumsa G. (eds.), Christians and Christianity in the Holy Land: From the Origins to the Latin Kingdom, Leuven: Brepols, pp. 91–139

Israel Ministry of Foreign Affairs Website

2019 https://mfa.gov.il/MFA/PressRoom/1998/Pages/Antiquities%20Law–%201978.aspx

Juster, Jean

1914 Les Juifs dans l’Empire Romain, 2 vols. Paris: Geuthner

Johns, Catherine

1996 “The Classification and Interpretation of Romano–British Treasures,” in: Britannia, Vol. 27, pp. 1–16

Jones, Melville John

1990 A Dictionary of Ancient Roman Coins, London: Seaby

Jones, Peter and Keith Sidwell

1997 The World of Rome: An Introduction to Roman Culture, (eds.), Cambridge University Press

Kaczynski, Boris and Michael Nüsse

2009 “Reverse Type Selection in Sanctuaries? A Study of Antoniniani found in Various Contexts,” in: von Kaenel H.M. and Kemmers F. (eds.), Coins in Context I. New perspectives for the interpretation of coin finds. Colloquium Frankfurt a. M. October 25–27, 2007, Mainz am Rhein: Verlag Philipp Von Zabern, pp. 93–107

Kadman, Leo

1967 “The Monetary Development of Palestine in the Light of Coin Hoards,” in: Kindler A. (ed.), The Patterns of Monetary Development in Phoenicia and Palestine in Antiquity (International Numismatic Convention, Jerusalem, 27–31 December 1963), Tel Aviv–Jerusalem, pp. 311–324

Kahlos, Maijastina

2020 Religious Dissent in Late Antiquity, 350–450, Oxford University Press

Karcz, Iaakov and Uri Kafri

1978 “Evaluation of supposed archaeoseismic damage in Israel,” in: Journal of Archaeological Science, Vol. 5, No. 3, pp. 237–253

Karkowski, Janusz

2016 “‘A Temple Comes to Being’. A Few Comments on the Temple Foundation Ritual,” in: Études et Travaux, Vol. XXIX, pp. 111–123

Kee, Howard Clark

1994 “The Changing Meaning of Synagogue: A Response to Richard Oster,” in: New Testament Studies, Vol. 40, pp. 281–83

Kee, Howard Clark and Lynn H. Cohick

1999 Evolution of the Synagogue: Problems and Progress, Harrisburg: Trinity International Press

Kemmers, Fleur and Nanouschka Myrberg Burström

2011 “Rethinking Numismatics. The Archaeology of Coins,” in: Archaeological Dialogues, Vol.18, No. 1, pp. 87–108

Kent, John Philip Cozens

1974 “Interpreting Coin Finds,” in: Coins and the Archaeologist, Vol. 4, No. 4, pp, 184–217

Kersel, Morag

2015 “STORAGE WARS: Solving the Archaeological Curation Crisis?,” in: Journal of Eastern Mediterranean Archaeology & Heritage Studies, Vol. 3, pp. 42–54

Killebrew, Ann

1991 “Pottery from Dabiyye,” in: ‘Atiqot, Vol. 20, pp. 66–73

Killebrew, Ann and Zvi Ma’oz

1993 “Qasrin,” in: NEAEHL, pp. 1219–1224

Killebrew, Ann, Billy Grantham, and Steven Fine

2003 “A ‘Talmudic’ House at Qasrin: On the Use of Domestic Space and Daily Life During the Byzantine Period,” in: Near Eastern Archaeology, Vol. 66, No. 1–2, pp. 59–72

Kindler, Arie

1986 “The Synagogue Treasure of Meroth, Eastern Upper Galilee, Israel,” in: Proceedings of the 10th International Congress of Numismatics, London, Association Internationale des Numismates Professionnels, pp. 315–320

1987 “The Coins of the Synagogue’s Treasury,” in: Ilan Z. and Damati E. (eds.), Meroth the Ancient Jewish village. The Excavations at the Synagogue and Bet Midrash, Tel Aviv: Society for the Protection of Nature in Israel, pp. 118–126 (Hebrew)

1989 “Donations and Taxes in the Society of the Jewish Villages in Eretz Israel During the 3rd to 6th Centuries CE,” in: Hachlili R. (ed.), Ancient Synagogues in Israel: Third–Seventh Century C.E. BAR International Series 499, Oxford, pp. 55–59

King, Julia A.

2008 “Archaeological Collections, Government Warehouses, and Anxious Moderns: The Maryland Archaeological Conservation Laboratory,” in: Archaeologies, Vol. 4, pp. 264–87

King, Catherine E. David M. Metcalf, and Jeremy P. Northover

1992 “Copper–based Alloys of the fifth Century: A Comparison of Carthage under Vandalic Rule, with Other Mints,” in: Revue Numismatique, Vol. 34, pp. 54–76

Kitzinger, Ernst

1965 Israeli Mosaics of the Byzantine Period, New York: The New American Library of World Literature

Klawans, Zander H.

1959 Reading and Dating Roman Imperial Coins, Wisconsin: Whitman Publishing Company

Klawans, Jonathan

2006 Purity, Sacrifice, and the Temple, Oxford University Press

Kletter, Raz

2010 “Chapter 12: Conclusions: Repository Pit – Favissa – Genizah,” in: Kletter R. et al. (eds.), Yavneh I: The Excavation of the ‘Temple Hill’ Repository Pit and the Cult Stands, Orbis Biblicus et Orientalis, Series Archaeologica 30, Fribourg, pp. 192–210

2018 “Pit–typology at Ramat Raḥel: On Favissae, Foundation Deposits, and Royal Feasts,” in: Zeitschrift des Deutschen Palästina–Vereins, Vol. 134, No. 1, pp. 46–62

Kletter, Raz and Alon De–Groot

2001 “Excavating to Excess? Implications of the Last Decade of Archaeology in Israel,” in: Journal of Mediterranean Archaeology, Vol. 14, No. 1, pp. 76–85

Kloetzli, Godfrey

1970 “Coins from Chorazin,” in: Liber Annuus, Vol. 20, pp. 359–369

Kloner, Amos

1979 “H. Rimmon,” in: Hadashot Arkheologiyot, Vol. 72, pp. 32–34 (Hebrew)

1980 “Hurvat Rimmon, 1979,” in: Israel Exploration Journal, Vol. 30, Nos. 3–4, pp. 226–228

1983 “The Synagogue of Horvat Rimmon,” in: Qadmoniyot, vol. 16, pp. 65–71 (Hebrew)

1989 “The Synagogues of Horvat Rimmon,” in: Hachlili R. (ed.), Ancient Synagogues in Israel: Third–Seventh century C.E. BAR International Series 499, Oxford, pp. 43–48

1992 “The Ancient Synagogue of Horvat Rimmon,” in: Proceedings of the 8th World Congress of Jewish Studies, Vol. 1, pp. 7–9 (Hebrew)

1993 “Horvat Rimmon,” in: NEAEHL, pp. 1284–1285

Kloner, Amos & Tessa Mindel

1981 “Two Byzantine Hoards from the Ancient Synagogue of Horvat Rimmon,” in Israel Numismatic Journal, Vol. 5, pp. 60–68

Kloppenborg, John S.

2006 “The Theodotus Synagogue Inscription and the Problem of First–Century Synagogue Building,” in: in Charlesworth J.H. (ed.), Jesus and Archaeology, Michigan, pp. 236–282

Knapp, Ronald G.

2005 “Sitting and Situating a Dwelling. Fengshui, House–Building Rituals, and Amulets,” in: Knapp R. and Lo K–Y. (eds.), House Home Family. Living and Being Chinese, Honolulu: University of Hawai’I Press, pp. 99–138

Kofsky, Arieh

1998 “Mamre: A Case of Regional Cult?” in: Kofsky A. and Stroumsa G.G. (eds.), Sharing the Sacred: Religious Contacts and Conflicts in the Holy Land, First–Fifteenth Centuries CE, Jerusalem, pp. 19–30

Kohl, Heinrich Carl and Watzinger

1916 Antike Synagogen in Galilaea, Leipzig

Kool, Robert

2016 “A Hoard of Antoniani from Qula,” in: ‘Atiqot, Vol. 84, pp. 69–113

Kotansky, Roy

1994 Greek Amulets: The Inscribed Gold, Silver, Copper, and Bronze “Lamellae”: Text and Commentary, Opladen : Westdeutscher Verlag

Kraabel, A. Thomas

1974 “Synagogues, Ancient,” in: New Catholic Encyclopedia Supplement, pp. 436–439

1981 “Social Systems of Six Diaspora Synagogues,” in: Gutman J. (ed.), Ancient Synagogues: The State of Research, Chico CA, pp. 79–91

1982a “The Excavated Synagogues of Late Antiquity from Asia Minor to Italy,” in: Internationaler Byzantinistenkongress, Vol. 16.2.2, pp. 227–236

1982b “The Roman Diaspora: Six Questionable Assumptions,” in: Journal of Jewish Studies, Vol. 33, pp. 445–464

1983 “The Synagogue and the Jewish Community. Impact of the discovery of the Sardis Synagogue,” in: Sardis from Prehistoric to Roman Times. Results of the Archaeological Exploration of Sardis 1958–1975, Cambridge MA, pp. 178–190

1995 “The Diaspora Synagogue: Archaeological and Epigraphic Evidence since Sukenik,” in: Urman D and Flesher P. (eds.), Ancient Synagogues: Historical Analysis and Archaeological Discovery, Vol. 1, Leiden: Brill, pp. 95–126 (reprint)

Kraay, Colin M.

1956 “The Archaic Owls of Athens: Classification and Chronology,” in: Numismatic Chronicle, 6th series, Vol. 16, pp. 43–68

Kraeling, Clark H.

1956 The Excavations at Dura Europos Conducted by Yale University and the French Academy of Inscriptions and Letters: Final Report VIII, Part I: The Synagogue, New Haven

Krauss, Samuel

1966 Synagogale Altertümer, Berlin–Wien: B. Harz, 1922; reprint, Hildesheim: G. Olms

Krmnicek, Stefan

2010 Münze und Geld im frührömischen Ostalpenraum. Studien zum Münzumlauf und zur Funktion von Münzgeld anhand der Funde und Befunde vom Magdalensberg, Kärntner Museumsschriften 80: Klagenfurt

2018 “Coins in Walls, Pits, and Foundations: On the Archaeological Evidence of Coin Finds,” in: Pardini G., Parise N., and Marani F. (eds.), Numismatica e Archeologia. Monete, stratigrafie e contesti. Dati a confronto, Rome: Edizioni Quasar, pp. 519–530

Laing, Lloyd

1969 Coins and Archaeology, London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson

La Piana, George

1927 Foreign Groups in Rome during the First Centuries of the Empire, Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press

Lapin, Hayim

2010 “The Rabbinic Movement,” in: Baskin J. and Seeskin K. (eds.), The Cambridge Guide to Jewish History, Religion, and Culture, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 58–84.

Leatherbury, Sean V.

2019 “Coins as Votive Gifts in the Late Antique East,” in: Krmnicek S. and Chameroy J. (eds.), Money Matters. Coin Finds and Ancient Coin Use, Bonn: Verlag Dr. Rudolf Habelt GmbH, pp. 253–270

Leibner, Uzi

2009 Settlement and History in Hellenistic, Roman, and Byzantine Galilee: an Archaeological Survey of the Eastern Galilee, Mohr Siebeck, pp. 250–264

2010 “Excavations at Khirbet Wadi Hamam (Lower Galilee): The Synagogue and the Settlement,” in: Journal of Roman Archaeology, Vol. 23, No. 1, pp. 220–237

2014 “An Illustrated Midrash of Mekilta de R. Ishmael, Vayehi Beshalah, 1 — Rabbis and the Jewish Community Revisited,” in: Fine S. and Kollor A. (eds.), Talmuda de–Eretz Israel: Archaeology and the Rabbis in Late Antique Palestine: Archaeology and the Rabbis in Late Antique Palestine, De Gruyter, pp. 83–96

2015 “Khirbet Wadi Hamam in the Early and Middle Roman Periods,” in: Fiensy D. and Strange J. (eds.), Galilee in the Late Second Temple and Mishnaic Periods: Volume 2: The Archaeological Record from Cities, Towns, and Villages, Fortress Press, pp. 343–361

2016 “Rabbinic Traditions and Synagogue Art,” in: Leibner U. and Hezser C. (eds.), Jewish Art in Its Late Antique Context, Mohr Siebeck, pp. 139–154

2018 Khirbet Wadi Hamam, A Roman–Period Village and Synagogue in the Lower Galilee, Jerusalem: The Hebrew University of Jerusalem

2019 “The end of the Israelite Amoraic Period: History and Archaeology,” in: Tarbitz, Vol. 81, pp. 575–610 (Hebrew)

2020 “The Dating of the “Galilean”–Type Synagogues: Khirbet Wadi Hamam as a Case–Study,” in: Doering L. and Krause A.R. (eds.), Synagogues in the Hellenistic and Roman Periods. Archaeological Finds, New Methods, New Theories, Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, pp. 43–69

Leibner, Uzi and Shulamit Miller

2010 “A figural Mosaic in the Synagogue at Khirbet Wadi Hamam,”in: Journal of Roman Archaeology, vol. 23, No. 1, pp. 238–264

Leiman, Rivka

2018 “A Copper Amulet,” in: Leibner U. (ed.), Khirbet Wadi Hamam, A Roman–Period Village and Synagogue in the Lower Galilee, Jerusalem: The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, pp. 616–619

Leiman, Rivka and Uzi Leibner

2016 “An Amulet from Khirbet Wadi Hamam” in: Israel Exploration Journal, Vol. 66, pp. 220–231

Leon, Harry J.

1960 The Jews of Ancient Rome, Philadelphia: Jewish Publication Society

Lesses, Rebecca Macy

1998 Ritual Practices to Gain Power. Angels, Incantations, and Revelation in Early Jewish Mysticism, Trinity Press International

Levene, Dan

2006 “Calvariae Magicae: The Berlin, Philadelphia and Moussaieff Skulls,” in: Orientalia, Vol 75, pp. 359–379 and plates XXXVII–XLIX

Levine, David

2009 “Between Leadership and Marginality: Models for Evaluating the Role of the
Rabbis on the Early Centuries CE,” in: Levine L and Schwatz D. (eds.), Jewish Identities in Antiquity: Studies in Memory of Menahem Stern, TSAJ 130, Tübingen: Mohr Siebeck, pp. 195–209

Levine, Lee Israel

1966 ‘‘The Status of the Patriarch in the Third and Fourth Centuries: Sources and Methodology,’’ in: Journal of Jewish Studies, Vol. 47, pp. 1–32

1975 Caesarea under Roman Rule, Leiden: Brill

1979 ‘‘The Jewish Patriarch (Nasi) in Third Century Palestine,’’ in: Temporini H. and Haase W. (eds.), Aufstieg und Niedergang der Römischen Welt, Vol. II, No. 9, 1, Berlin & New York: de Gruyter, pp. 649–688

1981a Ancient Synagogues Revealed, (ed.), Jerusalem: Israel Exploration Society

1981b “The Inscription in the ‘En Gedi Synagogue,” in: Levine L. (ed.), Ancient Synagogues Revealed, Jerusalem: The Israel Exploration Society, pp. 140–145

1987 The Synagogue in Late Antiquity, (ed.), New York: JTS

1989 The Rabbinic Class of Roman Palestine in Late Antiquity, Jerusalem: Yad Izhak Ben–Zvi

1992 “The Sages and the Synagogues in Late Antiquity,” in: Levine L. (ed.), The Galilee in Late Antiquity, New York: The Jewish Theological Seminary of America, pp. 201–224

1993 ‘‘Caesarea’s Synagogues and Some Historical Implications,’’ in: Biblical Archaeology Today, 1990: Proceedings of the Second International Congress on Biblical Archaeology, Jerusalem, June–July 1990, Jerusalem: Israel Exploration Society

1996 “The Status of the Patriarch in the Third and Fourth Centuries: Sources and Methodology,” in: Journal of Jewish Studies, Vol. 47, pp. 1–32

1999 “The Patriarchate and the ancient synagogue,” in: Fine S. (ed.), Jews, Christians and Polytheists in the Ancient Synagogue, London and New York: Routledge

2000 The Ancient Synagogue: The First Thousand Years, New Haven:

Yale University Press.

2004 “The First–Century Synagogue: Critical Reassessments and Assessments of the Critical,” in: Edwards D. (ed.), Religion and Society in Roman Palestine: Old Questions, New Approaches, London: Routledge, pp. 70–102

2012 Visual Judaism in Late Antiquity: Historical Contexts of Jewish Art, New Haven: Yale University Press

2013 “The Emergence of the Patriarchate in the Third Century,” in: Boustan R., Ramos A., and Schäfer P. (eds.), Envisioning Judaism: Studies in Honor of Peter Schäfer on the Occasion of His Seventieth Birthday, Tübingen, Germany: Mohr Siebeck, pp. 235–264

2018 “The Jewish Patriarchate” in: Oxford Classical Dictionary, Open Access, https://doi.org/10.1093/acrefore/9780199381135.013.8133

Levy S. L. Y. Rahmani, A.S. Hiram, I. Dunayevsky, M. Avi-Yonah, and S. Yeivin

1960 “The Ancient Synagogue of Ma’on (Nirim),” in: Bulletin of the Louis Rabinowitz Fund for the Exploration of Ancient Synagogues, Vol. 3, Jerusalem: Hebrew University of Jerusalem, pp. 6–40

Lianta, Eleni

2013 “Notes on the Classification of Coin Finds and their Reliability as a Primary Source,” in: Studies in Byzantine Numismatics and Sigillography in Memory of Petros Protonotarios, pp. 105–118

Lieber, Laura

2018 Jewish Aramaic Poetry from Late Antiquity: Translations and Commentary, Cambridge Genizah Series,volume 8; Leiden: Brill

2019 “Demonic femininity in the ancient synagogue: Dancing with the angel of death,” in: Stroum Center for Jewish Studies E–Journal, University of Washington, https://jewishstudies.washington.edu/jewish–history–and–thought/yannai–sotah–poem–piyyut–magic–demonic–women–lilith/

Lifshitz, Baruch

1967 Donateurs et Fondateurs dans les Synagogues Juives, Paris: Gabalda

Linder, Amnon

1987 The Jews in Roman Imperial Legislation, Detroit: Wayne State University Press

Little, Lester K.

2006 Plague and the End of Antiquity. The Pandemic of 541–750, (ed.), Cambridge University Press

Lockyear, Kris

2012 “Dating Coins, Dating with Coins,” in: Oxford Journal of Archaeology, Vol. 31, No. 2, pp. 191–211

Loewe, Herbert

1923 “The Petrie–Hirschfeld Papyri,” in: The Journal of Theological Studies, Vol. os–XXIV, No. 94, pp. 126–141

Loffreda, Stanisloa

1972 “The Synagogue of Capernaum, Archaeological Evidence for its Late Chronology”, in: Liber Annuus, vol. 22, pp. 5–29

1973a A visit to Capharnaum, Jerusalem: Franciscan Printing Press

1973b The Late Chronology of the Synagogue of Capernaum, in: Israel Exploration Journal, Vol. 23, pp. 37–42

1974 Cafarnao II: La Ceramica, Jerusalem: Franciscan Printing Press

1976 Ein Besuch in Kapharnaum, Jerusalem: Franciscan Printing Press

1979 “Potsherds from a Sealed Level of the Synagogue at Capernaum, in: Liber Annuus, vol. 39, pp. 215–220

1981 “The Late Chronology of the synagogue at Capernaum, in: Levine L. (ed.), Ancient Synagogues Revealed, Jerusalem: The Israel Exploration Society, pp. 52–56

1985 Recovering Capharnaum, Jerusalem: Edizioni Custodi Terra Santa (Reprint 1993 and 1997: Franciscan Printing Press)

1997 “Coins from the Synagogue of Capharnaum”, in: Liber Annuus, Vol. 47, pp. 223–244

2005 Cafarnao V: Documentazione fotografica degli scavi (1968–2003), Jerusalem: Franciscan Printing Press

2008a Cafarnao VI: Tipologie e contesti stratigrafici della ceramica, Jerusalem: Franciscan Printing Press

2008b Cafarnao VII: Documentazione grafica della ceramica, Jerusalem: Franciscan Printing Press

2008c Cafarnao VIII: Documentazione fotografica degli oggetti, Jerusalem: Franciscan Printing Press

Longenecker, Bruce W.

2010 Remember the Poor. Paul, Poverty, and the Greco–Roman World, Michigan: William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company

Lykke, Anne

2017 “Ritualizing the Use of Coins in Ancient Greek Sanctuaries,” in: Journal of Ancient History, Vol. 5, No. 2, pp. 205–227

Mancini, Ignatio

1970 Archaeological discoveries Relative to the Judaeo–Christians. Jerusalem: Franciscan Printing Press

Mantel, Hugo

1961 Studies in the History of the Sanhedrin, Cambridge: Harvard University Press

Magness, Jodi

1993 Jerusalem Ceramic Chronology, circa 200–800 CE, JSOT/ASOR Monograph Series 9, Sheffield, England: Sheffield Academic Press

1997 “Synagogue Typology and Earthquake chronology at Khirbet Shema’,” in: Journal of Field Archaeology, Vol. 24, No. 2, pp. 211–220

2001a “The Question of the Synagogue: The Problem of Typology,” in: Avery–Peck A.J. and Neusner J. (eds.), Judaism in Late Antiquity. Part Three: Where We Stand: Issues and Debates in Ancient Judaism, Vol. 4 – The Special Problem of the Synagogue, Leiden: Brill, pp. 1–49

2001b “A Response to Eric M. Meyers and James F. Strange,” in: Avery–Peck A.J. and Neusner J. (eds.), Judaism in Late Antiquity. Part Three: Where We Stand: Issues and Debates in Ancient Judaism, Vol. 4 – The Special Problem of the Synagogue, Leiden: Brill, pp. 79–91

2003 The Archaeology of the Early Islamic Settlement in Palestine, Winona Lake, Indiana: Eisenbrauns

2005a “Heaven on Earth: Helios and the Zodiac Cycle in ancient Palestinian Synagogues,” in: Dumbarton Oaks Papers, Vol. 59, pp. 7–58

2005b “The Date of the Sardis Synagogue in Light of the Numismatic Evidence,” in: American Journal of Archaeology, Vol. 109, No. 3, pp. 443–475

2007a “The Date of the Synagogue of Chorazin,” in: Michmanim, Vol. 20: pp. 7–18

2007b “Did Galilee Decline in the Fifth Century? The Synagogue at Chorazin Reconsidered,” in: Zangenberg J. Attridge H. and Martin D. (eds.), Religion, Ethnicity, and Identity in Ancient Galilee: a Region in Transition, Mohr Siebeck, pp. 259–274

2010 “Field O: The “Synagogue” Site. Book Review,” in: American Journal of Archaeology, online, January 2010 (114.1)

2011 Stone and Dung, Oil and Spit: Jewish Daily Life in the Time of Jesus, Eerdmans

2012a “The Pottery from the Village of Capernaum and the Chronology of Galilean Synagogues,” in: Tel Aviv, Vol. 39, No. 2, pp. 110–122

2012b “The “Foundation Deposit” from the Dura–Europos Synagogue Reconsidered,” in: Westcoat B.D. and Ousterhout R.G. (eds.), Architecture of the Sacred. Space, Ritual, and Experience from Classical Greece to Byzantium, Cambridge, pp. 231–247

2016 “Huqoq 2014: Preliminary Report,” in: Hadashot Arkheologiyot, Excavations and Surveys in Israel, Vol. 128

2018 “The Huqoq Excavation Project: 2014–2017 Interim Report,” in: BASOR, Vol. 380, pp. 61–131

2019a Review of Khirbet Wadi Hamam, A Roman–Period Village and Synagogue in the Lower Galilee, by Uzi Leibner, Journal for the Study of Judaism, Vol. 20, pp. 427–430

2019b “Inside the Huqoq Synagogue,” in: Biblical Archaeology Review, May/June 2019, pp. 24–38

2021 “The Huqoq Synagogue. A Regional Variant of the Galilean Type,” in: Bonnie, Rick, Raimo Hakola, and Ulla Tervahauta (eds.), The Synagogue in Ancient Palestine: Current Issues and Emerging Trends, Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, pp. 155–174

Magness, Jody and Daniel Schindler

Forthcoming “The Date of the Synagogue(s) at Khirbet Wadi Hamam: A Stratigraphic Analysis”, Chapter in an untitled Festscrift in honor of James F.Strange, Ostracon Publishing House.

Magness, Jodi, Shua Kisilevitz, Karen Britt, Matthew Grey, and Chad Spigel

2014 “Huqoq (Lower Galilee) and Its Synagogue Mosaics: Preliminary Report on the Excavations of 2011–2013,” in: Journal of Roman Archaeology, Vol. 27, pp. 327–55

Magness, Jodi, Shua Kisilevitz, Matthew Grey, Dennis Mizzi, Daniel Schindler, Martin Wells, Karen Britt, Ra‘anan Boustan, Shana O’Connell, Emily Hubbard, Jessie George, Jennifer Ram–say, Elisabetta Boaretto, and Michael Chazan

2018 “The Huqoq Excavation Project: 2014–2017 Interim Report,” in: BASOR, Vol. 380, pp. 61–131

Maguire, Henry

1997 “Magic and Money in the Early Middle Ages,” in: Speculum, Vol. 72, No. 4, pp. 1037–1054

Manning, Chris M.

2012 Homemade Magic: Concealed Deposits in Architectural Contexts in the Eastern United States, MA Thesis, Ball state University

Mansel, Karin

2003 “Zeremonielle und rituelle Handlungen bei Baumassnahmen. Zu phönizisch–punischen Bauopfern,” in: Metznre–Nebelsick C. (ed.), Rituale in der Vorgeschichte, Antike und Gegenwart. Studien zur Vorderasiatischen, Prähistorischen und Klassischen Archäologie, Ägyptologie, Alten Geschichte, Theologie und Religionswissenchaft, Rahden/Wiesbaden: Marie Leidorf, pp. 129–148

Marienberg, Evyatar

2004 “Menstruating in Sacred Spaces. Medieval and Early–Modern Jewish Women in the Synagogue,” in: Nordisk Judaistik/Scandinavian Jewish Studies, Vol. 25, No. 1, pp. 7–16

Margalioth, Mordechai

1966 Sepher Ha–Razim: A Newly Recovered Book of Magic from the Talmudic Period, Tel Aviv: Yediot Acharonot (Hebr.)

Massey, Doreen

1993 “Power–Geometry and a Progressive Sense of Place,” in: Jon Bird, Barry Curtis, Tim Putnam, George Robertson and Lisa Tickner (eds.), Mapping the Futures: Local Cultures, Global Change, London: Routledge, pp. 59–69

2009 “Concepts of Space and Power in Theory and in Political Practice,” in: Documents d’Analisi Geografica, Vol. 55, pp. 15–26

Masson, Aurélia

2017 “Foundation Deposits,” in: Villing A. (ed.), Naukratis: Greeks in Egypt, British Museum

Mattingly, Harold

1932 “Hoards of Roman Coins found in Britain and a Coin Survey of the Roman Province,” in: Journal of Roman Studies, vol. 22, pp. 88–95

Ma‘oz, Zvi Uri

1979 “’En Nashut (Golan),” in: Hadashot Arkheologiyot, Vol. 69–71, pp. 27–29 (Hebrew)

1980 “Qasrin,”, in: The Jewish Settlement and Synagogues in the Golan, Jerusalem: The Society for the Protection of Nature, pp. 22–25 (Hebrew)

1981 “The Art and Architecture of the synagogues of the Golan,” in: Levine L. (ed.), Ancient Synagogues Revealed, Jerusalem: The Israel Exploration Society, pp. 98–115

1983 “Dabiyye,” in: Hadashot Arkheologiyot, Vol. 83, p. 2 (Hebrew)

1988 “Ancient Synagogues of the Golan,” in: Biblical Archaeologist, Vol. 51, No. 2, pp. 121–124

1991 “Excavations in the Ancient Synagogue at Dabiyye,” in: ‘Atiqot, Vol. 20, pp. 49–65

1993a “When were the Galilean Synagogues First Constructed?,” in: Eretz Israel, Vol. 25, pp. 416–426 (Hebrew)

1993b “En Nashut,” in: NEAEHL, pp. 412–414

1993c “Kanaf, Horvat,” in: NEAEHL, pp. 847–850

1995 Ancient Synagogues in the Golan, Art and Architecture, Qazrin: Golan Archaeological Museum, pp. 149–152 (Hebrew)

1999 “The synagogue at Capernaum: a radical solution,” in: Humphrey, J. (ed.), The Roman and Byzantine Near East: Some Recent Archaeological Research, Vol. 2, Journal of Roman Archaeology Supplement 31, Portsmouth, pp. 137– 148

2010 En Nashut: the Art and Architecture of a Synagogue in the Golan, Qazrin: Archaostyle

2011 Deir Aziz and Kanaf: the Architecture of Two Ancient Synagogues, Qazrin: Archaostyle, pp. 5–54

2013 “The Genizah in the Deir Aziz Synagogue on the Golan Heights,” in: Hoards and Genizot as Chapters in History, Haifa: Hecht Museum University of Haifa, pp. 70–75

2017 On Ancient Synagogues in Galilee and the Golan, Qazrin: Archaostyle

Ma’oz, Zvi Uri and Chaim Ben-David

2003 “Deir ‘Aziz 2000–2001,” in: Hadashot Arkheologiyot, Vol. 115, pp. 10–11

2006 “New Finds in the Golan: A Synagogue at Deir Aziz,” in: Qadmoniyot, Vol. 39, pp. 25–31 (Hebrew)

2008 “Deir ‘Aziz,” in: NEAEHL, Supplemental Volume, pp. 1691–1692

Ma’oz, Zvi and Ann Killebrew

1985 “Qasrin,” in: Israel Exploration Journal, Vol. 35, no. 4, pp. 289–293

1988 “Ancient Qasrin: Synagogue and Village,” in: Biblical Archaeologist, Vol. 51, No. 1, pp. 5–19

May, Natalie

2001 “Reconstructing the Architectural Décor of the Major Synagogue at Korazim,” in: ‘Atiqot, Vol. 43, pp. 207–252

Mazar, Benjamin

1942 “Esh Sheikh Ibreik,” in: Quarterly of the Department of Antiquities in Palestine, Vol. 10, pp. 196–197

1950 Beth She’arim, Report on the excavations during 1936–1940, Vol. 1, English Summary, The Israel exploration Society

1952 “The Eighth season of excavations at Beth She’arim,” in: Yediot– Bulletin of the Israel Exploration Society, Vol. 21, pp. 153–164 (Hebrew)

1973 Beth She’arim Report on the Excavations During 1936–1940, Vol. I, New Brunswick, N.J.: Rutgers University Press

Mazar, Benjamin and Dan Barag

1993 “En–Gedi,” in: NEAEHL, pp. 399–409

McCollough, Thomas C. And Beth Glazier–McDonald

1997 “Magic and Medicine in Byzantine Galilee: A Bronze Amulet from Sepphoris,” in: Edwards D. (ed.), Archaeology and the Galilee: texts and contexts in the Graeco–Roman and Byzantine periods, University of South–Florida, pp. 143–149

McKay, Heather A.

1998 “Ancient Synagogues: The Continuing Dialectic between Two Major Views,” in: Currents in Research: Biblical Studies, Vol. 6, pp. 103–42

Meadows, A.R.

2003 “The Apadana Foundation Deposit (IGCH 1789): Some Clarification,” in: The Numismatic Chronicle, Vol. 163, pp. 342–344

Meggitt, Justin

1998 Paul, Poverty and Survival, Edinburgh: T&T Clark

Meigss, Russell

1973 Roman Ostia, Oxford: Oxford University Press

Merrifield, Ralph

1987 The Archaeology of Ritual and Magic, New Amsterdam, New York, NY

Meshorer, Yaakov

1973 “Coins from the Excavations at Khorazim (English Summary),” in: Eretz Israel, Vol. 11, pp. 27–28

1974 “Coins from the Excavations at Khorazin,” in: Eretz Israel, Vol. 11, pp. 158–162 (Hebrew)

1976 “The En–Gedi Hoard” in: Actes du 8ème Congrès international de numismatique, New York–Washington, September 1973, Paris: Association international des Numismates professionnels, Vol. 1, pp. 111–112

2007 “Appendix 6. The En–Gedi Hoard,” in: Stern E. (ed.), En–Gedi excavations I: final report (1961–1965), Jerusalem: Israel Exploration Society, pp. 411–421

Metcalf, William E.

2012 The Oxford Handbook of Greek and Roman Coinage, Oxford University Press

Meyers, Eric

1972 “Horvat Shema’, the Settlement and the Synagogue,” in Qadmoniyot, Vol. 5, No. 2, pp. 58–61 (Hebrew)

1977a “Meiron and Gush Halav 1977, : in: ASOR Newsletter 3, pp. 8–9

1977b “Gush Halav (el–Jish),” in: Israel Exploration Journal, Vol. 27, No. 4, pp. 253–254

1978 “Gush Halav (1977),” in: Revue Biblique, Vol. 85, No. 1, pp. 112–113

1979 “Gush Halav 1978”, in: Revue Biblique, Vol. 86, No. 3, pp. 439–441

1980a “Ancient Synagogues in Galilee: Their Religious and Cultural Setting,” in: The Biblical Archaeologist, Vol. 43, No. 2 (Spring, 1980), pp. 97–108

1980b “Gush Halav,” in: Qadmoniyot, Vol. 13, Nos. 1–2, pp. 41–43 (Hebrew)

1981a “Excavations at Gush Halav in Upper Galilee,” in: Levine L. (ed.), Ancient Synagogues Revealed, Jerusalem: The Israel Exploration Society, pp. 75–77

1981b “The synagogue at Horvat Shema’,” in: Levine L. (ed.), Ancient Synagogues Revealed, Jerusalem: The Israel Exploration Society pp. 70–74

1993 “Gush Halav,” in: The New Encyclopedia of Archaeological Excavations in the Holy Land, Vol. 2, Jerusalem: The Israel Exploration Society, pp. 546–549

1997 “The Torah Shrine in the Ancient Synagogue: Another Look at the Evidence,” in: Jewish Studies Quarterly, Vol. 4, No. 4, pp. 303–338

1998 “Postscript to the Gush Halav Hoard,” in: ‘Atiqot, Vol. XXXV, pp. 107–108

2001 “Jewish Culture in Greco–Roman Palestine,” in: Biale C. (ed.), Cultures of the Jews: A New History, Random House/Shocken, pp. 138–79

2010 “The Problem of the Scarcity of Synagogues from 70 to ca. 250 CE: The Case of Synagogue 1 at Nabratein,” in: Zeev Weiss, Oded Irshai, Jodi Magness, and Seth Schwartz (eds.), “Follow the Wise”: Studies in Jewish History and Culture in Honor of Lee I. Levine, Winona Lake, IN: Eisenbrauns, pp. 435–448

Meyers, Eric and Carol Meyers

1978 “Gush Halav (el–Jish), 1978,: in: Israel Exploration Journal, Vol. 28, No. 4, pp. 276–279

2009 Excavations at Ancient Nabratein: Synagogue and Environs, Indiana: Eisenbrauns.

Meyers, Eric, Alf Thomas Kraabel, and James Strange

1972a “Archaeology and Rabbinic Traditions at Khirbet Shema’: 1970 and 1971 Campaigns,” in: Biblical Archaeologist, Vol. 35, No. 1, pp. 1–31

1972b “Khirbet Shema’ and Meiron,” in: Israel Exploration Journal, Vol. 22, pp. 174–176

1976 Ancient Synagogue Excavations at Khirbet Shema’, Upper Galilee, Israel 1970–1972, North Carolina: Duke University Press

Meyers, Eric, Carol Meyers, and James Strange

1990 Excavations at the Ancient Synagogue of Gush Halav, Eisenbrauns: The American School of Oriental Research

Meyers, Eric, James Strange, Carol Meyers, and Richard Hanson

1979 “Preliminary Report on the 1977 and 1978 Seasons at Gush Halav (el–Jish),” in: Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research, Vol. 223, winter, pp. 33–58

Miller, Stuart S.

1999 “The Rabbis and the Non Existent Monolithic Synagogue,” in: Fine S. (ed.), Jews, Christians, and Polytheists in the Ancient Synagogue, London, pp. 50–57

2007 “Priests, Purities, and Jews of Galilee,” in: Zangenberg J., Attridge H.W., and Martin D.B. (eds.), Religion, Ethnicity, and Identity in Ancient Galilee: A Region in Transition, Tübingen: Mohr Siebeck, pp. 375–402

Milson, David

2001 Aspects of the Impact of Christian Art and Architecture on Synagogues in Byzantine Palestine, PhD Dissertation, University of Oxford

2004 “The Stratum Ib Building at Hammat Tiberias: Synagogue or Church?,” in: Palestine Exploration Quarterly, Vol. 136, No. 1, pp. 45–56

2007 Art and Architecture of the Synagogue in Late Antique Palestine: in the Shadow of the Church, Leiden/Boston

Mock, Leo

2003 “The Synagogue as a Stage for Magic,” in: Zutot, Vol. 3, No. 1, pp. 8–14

Mordechai, Lee, Merle Eisenberg, Timothy P. Newfield, et al.

2019 “The Justinianic Plague: An inconsequential pandemic?,” in: PNAS, Vol. 116, No. 51, pp. 25546–25554

Morgan, Michael A.

1983 Sepher Ha–Razim: The Book of the Mysteries, Chico CA: Scholars Press

Morrisson, Cécile

2002 “Byzantine Money: Its Production and Circulation,” in: Laiou A.E. (ed.), The Economic History of Byzantium from the Seventh through the Fifteenth Century, Vol. III, Washington D.C.: Dumbarton Oaks Research Library and Collection, pp. 909–966

2012 “Byzantine “Medals”: Coins, Amulets and Piety,” in: D. Sullivan, E.A. Fisher, S. Papaioannou (eds), Byzantine Religious Culture: Studies in Honor of Alice–Mary Talbot, Leiden: Brill, pp. 217–238

2014 “Monnaies et amulettes byzantines à motifs chrétiens: croyans ou magie?,” in: Dasen V. and Spieser J–M. (eds.), Les savoirs magiques et leur transmission de l’Antiquité à la Renaissance, Firenze: SISMEL, pp. 409–430

Moorhead, Sam

2012 “The Coinage of the Later Roman Empire, 364–498,” in: Metcalf W. (ed.), The Oxford Handbook of Greek and Roman Coinage, Oxford University Press, pp. 601–632

Müller, Miriam

2018 “Foundation Deposits and Strategies of Place–Making at Tell el–Dab‘a/Avaris,” in: Near Eastern Archaeology, Vol. 81, No. 3, pp. 182–190

Müller–Zeis, Rita

1994 Griechische Bauopfer und Gründungsdepots, PhD Dissertation, Saarland University. Saarbrücken

Münz–Manor, Ophir

2013 “Narrating Salvation: Verbal Sacrifices in Late Antique Liturgical Poetry in Late Antique Liturgical Poetry,” in: Dohrmann N. and Yoshiko Reed A. (eds.), Jews, Christians, and the Roman Empire: The Poetics of Power in Late Antiquity, Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, pp. 154–166

Naveh, Joseph

1978 On Stone and Mosaic: The Aramaic and Hebrew Inscriptions from Ancient Synagogues, Jerusalem (Hebrew)

1985 “Nothing compares to a Good Conquest,” in: Tarbitz, Vol. LIV, pp. 282–367 (Hebrew)

1987 On Stone and Mosaic: The Aramaic and Hebrew Inscriptions from Ancient Synagogues, Jerusalem: Israel Exploration Society, pp. 302–310 (Hebrew)

1992 On Sherd and Papyrus. Aramaic and Hebrew Inscriptions from the Second Temple, Mishnaic and Talmudic period, Jerusalem (Hebrew).

2001 “An Aramaic Amulet from Bar’am,” in: Judaism in Late Antiquity. Part 3: Where we Stand: Issues and Debates in Ancient Judaism. Vol. 4: The Special Problem of the Synague, pp. 180–185

2002 “Some New Jewish Palestinian Aramaic Amulets,” in: Jerusalem Studies in Arabic and Islam, Jerusalem: Magnes Press, pp. 252–261

Naveh, Joseph and Saul Shaked

1985 Amulets and Magic Bowls: Aramaic Incantations of Late Antiquity, Leiden: Brill.

1993 Magic Spells and Formulae: Aramaic Incantations of Late Antiquity, Jerusalem: Magnes Press

Németh, György

2013 “Coins in Water,” in: Acta Classica, Vol. XLIX, pp. 55–63

Netzer, Ehud

1996 “Review of the synagogue at Gush Halav and Khirbet Shem’a,” in: Eretz Israel, vol. 25, pp. 450–455 (Hebrew, English summary p. 106)

Neusner, Jacob

1992 “Science and Magic, Miracle and Magic in Formative Judaism: The System and the Difference,” in: Neusner J., Frerichs E.S. and McCracken Flesher P. (eds.), Religion, Science, and Magic: in Concert and in Conflict, Oxford: Oxford University Press, pp. 61–81

1994 Judaism in Late Antiquity 1. The Literary and Archaeological Sources (ed.), Leiden: Brill

Nicgorski, Ann

2013 “Apollo Akersekomas and the Magic Knot of Heracles,” in: de Angelis F. (ed.), Regionalism and Globalism in Antiquity, Leuven: Peeters, pp. 177–200

No Author,

1962 “A Hoard of 3,700 Late–Roman Coins from Caesarea,” in Israel numismatic Bulletin, Vols. 3–4, p. 106

1963a “A further Synagogue Hoard excavated,” in: Israel Numismatic Society, Vol. 1, No. 3, p. 60

1963b “Discovery of Hoard at Korazin,” in: Israel Numismatic Bulletin, Vol. 5, p. 22

Nongbri, Brent

2015 “Archival Research on the Excavation of the Synagogue of Ostia: A Preliminary Report,” in: Journal for the Study of Judaism, Vol. 46, pp. 366–402

Noreña, Carlos F.

2018 “Imperial Representation and Distributional Politics under Severus Alexander,” in: Elkins N. and Evans DeRose J. (eds.), Concordia Disciplinarum, Essays on Ancient Coinage, History, and Archaeology in Honor of William E. Metcalf, New York: The American Numismatic Society, pp. 209–222

Noy, David and Hanswulf Bloedhorn (ed.)

2004 Inscriptiones Judaicae Orientis. Vol. III: Syria and Cyprus, Tübingen: Mohr Siebeck

Neumann, Frank, Jürgen Zangenberg, Yinon Shivti’el, and Stefan Münger

2014 “Galilee Blooming: First Palynological and Archaeological Data from an Early Byzantine Cistern at Horvat Kur,” in: Environmental Archaeology, Vol. 19, No. 1, pp. 39–54

Oliphant, Sir Laurence

1886 “New Discoveries,” in: Palestine Exploration Fund. Quarterly Statement, January 1886, pp. 73–83

Ortal–Paz, Saar

2010 “Jewish Magic in Eretz Israel during Late Antiquity and the Byzantine Period,” in: Vukosavovic F. (ed.), Angels and Demons: Jewish Magic through the Ages, Jerusalem, pp. 16–21

2017 Jewish Love Magic. From Late Antiquity to the Middle Ages, Leiden: Brill.

Olsson, Birger and Magnus Zetterholm

2003 The Ancient Synagogue From Its Origins until 200 C.E. Papers Presented at an International Conference at Lund University, October 14–17, 2001, in: Coniectanea Biblica New Testament Series, Vol. 39, Stockholm: Almqvist & Wiksell International

Olsson, Birger, Dieter Mitternacht, Olof and Brandt (eds.)

2001 The Synagogue of Ancient Ostia and the Jews of Rome, Intedisciplinary Studies, Stockholm

Orfali, Gaudence

1922 Capharnaum et ses Ruines, d’après les Fouilles Accomplies à Tell–Houm par la Custodie Franciscaine de Terre Sainte, Paris: Auguste Picard

Orlandini, Piero

1957 “Tipologia e cronologia del materiale archeologico di Gela dalla nuova fondazione di Timoleonte all’età di Ierone II,” in: Archeologia Classica, Vol. 9, pp. 44–57

Osborne, Robin

2004 “Hoards, Votives, Offerings: The Archaeology of the Dedicated Object,” in: World Archaeology, Vol. 36(1), pp. 1–10

Otthenheijm, Eric and Jonathan Pater

2021 “Meals in the Synagogue. Reassessing the Evidence,” in: Bonnie, Rick, Raimo Hakola, and Ulla Tervahauta (eds.), The Synagogue in Ancient Palestine: Current Issues and Emerging Trends, Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, pp. 247–269

Ovadiah, Ruth

1987 Mosaic pavements in Israel: Hellenistic, Roman, and early Byzantine, Rome: L’Erma di Bretschneider

Pafford, Isabelle Ann

2006 Cult Fees and the Ritual of Money in Greek Sanctuaries of the Classical and Hellenistic Period, PhD dissertation, University of California, Berkeley

Pagolu, Augustine

1998 The Religion of the Patriarchs, The Library of Hebrew Bible/Old Testament Studies, Vol. 277, Sheffield Academic Press

Paltiel, Abraham

1969 “A Hoard of Byzantine Gold Coins from the Town of Rehov,” in: Israel Numismatic Bulletin, Vol. 3, pp. 101–106 (Hebrew)

Perassi, Claudia

2017 “Coins and baptism in Late Antiquity. Written sources and numismatic evidence reconsidered,” in: Burström N.M and Ingvardson G.T. (eds.), Divina Moneta, Coins in Religion and Ritual, London: Routledge, pp. 49–67

Pritchard, James B.

1969 Ancient Near Eastern Texts Relating to the Old Testament, (ed.), Princeton: Princeton University Press

Pummer, Reinhard

1999 “Samaritan Synagogues and Jewish Synagogues. Similarities and differences,” in: Fine S. (ed.), Jews, Christians, and Polytheists in the Ancient Synagogue, London and NY: Routledge, pp. 118–160

2018 “Synagogues – Samaritan and Jewish: A New Look at Their Differentiating Characteristics,” in: Dušek J. (ed.), The Samaritans in Historical, Cultural and Linguistic Perspectives (Studia Judaica 110, Studia Samaritana 11), Berlin: De Gruyter, pp. 51–74

Rahmani, Levi Yizhaq

1960 “B. The Small Finds and Coins,” in: Levy S. et al. (eds.), “The Ancient Synagogue of Ma’on (Nirim),” in: Bulletin of the Louis Rabinowitz Fund for the Exploration of Ancient Synagogues, Vol. 3, Jerusalem: Hebrew University of Jerusalem, pp. 14–18

1964 “Mirror–Plaques from a Fifth–Century AD Tomb,” in: Israel Exploration Journal, Vol.14, pp. 50–60

1990 “Stone Synagogue Chairs: Their Identification, Use and Significance,” in: Israel Exploration Journal, Vol. 40, No. 2/3, pp. 192–214

Rajak, Tessa and David Noy

1993 ‘‘Archisynagogoi: Office, Title and Social Status in the Greco–Jewish Synagogue,’’ in: The Journal of Roman studies, Vol. 83, pp. 75–93

Ranucci, Samuele

2011 “A stone thesaurus with a votive coin deposit recently found in the sanctuary of Campo della Fiera, Orvieto (Volsinii),” in: Proceedings of the XIV INC, Glasgow 2011, pp. 954–963

Raphael, Kate and Bijovsky, Gabriela

2014 “The Coin Hoard from Caesarea Maritima and the 363 CE Earthquake,” in: Israel Numismatic Research, Vol. 9, pp. 173–192

Raynor, Joyce

1990 “Numismatics,” in: Meyers E., Meyers C. and Strange J. (eds.), Excavations at the Ancient Synagogue of Gush Halav, Eisenbrauns: The American School of Oriental Research, pp. 230–245

Reece, Richard

1975 “Roman Currency: New Thoughts and Problems,” in: World Archeology, Vol. 6, No. 3, pp. 299–306

1982 “A Collection of Coins from the Centre of Rome,” in: Papers of the British School at Rome, Vol. 50, pp. 116–145

1988 “Interpreting Roman Hoards,” in: World Archaeology, Vol. 20, No. 2, Routledge, pp. 261–269

2002 The Coinage of Roman Britain, Stroud: B.T. Batsford

2003 “Coins and the Late Roman Economy,” in: Lavan L. and Bowden W. (eds.), Theory and Practice in Late Antique Archaeology, Leiden: Brill, pp. 139–168

Ribak, Eliya

2007 Religious Communities in Byzantine Palestina: The Relationship between Judaism, Christianity and Islam, AD 400–700, Oxford: Archaeopress

Robinson, Edward Stanley Gotch (Sir)

1951 “The Coins from the Ephesian Artemision Reconsidered,” in: The Journal of Hellenic Studies, Vol. 71, pp. 156–167

Rocca, Samuel

2011 “The Purposes and Functions of the Synagogue in Late Second Temple Period Judaea: Evidence from Josephus and Archaeological Investigation,” in: Pastor J. P. Stern, and Mor M. (eds.), Flavius Josephus, Interpretation and History, Leiden–Boston: Brill, pp. 295–313

Rosenfeld, Ben Zion

1988 ‘‘The Crisis of the Patriarchate in Eretz–Israel in the Fourth Century,’’ in: Zion, Vol. 53, pp. 239–257 (Hebrew)

Rosenfeld, Ben–Zion and Joseph Menirav

1999 “The Ancient Synagogue as an Economic Center,” in: Journal of Near Eastern Studies, Vol. 58, No. 4, pp. 259–276

Rosen–Zvi, Ishay

2012 The Mishnaic Sotah Ritual: Temple, Gender and Midrash, Supplements to the Journal for the Study of Judaism, Leiden: Brill

Roth–Gerson, Lea

1987 The Greek Inscriptions from the Synagogue in Eretz–Israel, Jerusalem: Yad Izhak Ben Zvi (Hebrew)

Rowan, Clare

2009 “Slipping out of circulation: the after–life of coins in the Roman World,” in: Journal of the Numismatic Association of Australia, Vol. 20, pp. 3–14

Runesson, Anders

1999 “The Oldest Original Synagogue Building in the Diaspora. A Response to L. Michael White,” in: Harvard Theological Review, Vol. 92, pp. 409–433

2001 The Origins of the Synagogue: A Socio–Historical Study, Stockholm: Almqvist & Wiksell International.

Runesson, Anders, Donald Binder, and Birger Olsson

2007 The Ancient Synagogue from its Origins to 200 C.E.: A Source Book, Leiden: Brill

Runesson, Anders, and Wally V. Cirafesi

2021 “Reassessing the Impact of 70 CE on the Origins and Development of Palestinian Synagogues,” in: Bonnie, Rick, Raimo Hakola, and Ulla Tervahauta (eds.), The Synagogue in Ancient Palestine: Current Issues and Emerging Trends, Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, pp. 37–57

Russell, James

1995 “The Archaeological Context of Magic in the Early Byzantine Period,” in: Maguire H. (ed.), Byzantine Magic, Washington D.C.: Harvard University Press, pp. 35–50

Rutgers, Leonard V.

2010 “The Synagogue as Foe in Early Christian Literature,” in: in: Zeev Weiss, Oded Irshai, Jodi Magness, and Seth Schwartz (eds.), “Follow the Wise”: Studies in Jewish History and Culture in Honor of Lee I. Levine, Winona Lake, IN: Eisenbrauns, pp. 449–468

Ryan, Jordan

2021 “The Socio–Political Context of Public Synagogue Debates in the Second Temple Period,” in: Bonnie, Rick, Raimo Hakola, and Ulla Tervahauta (eds.), The Synagogue in Ancient Palestine: Current Issues and Emerging Trends, Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, pp. 133–152

Safrai, Ze’ev

1987 “Financing Synagogue Construction in the Mishnah and the Talmud,” in: Kasher A et al. (eds.), Synagogues in Antiquity, Jerusalem, pp. 77–95 (Hebrew)

1989 “Dukhan, Aron, and Teva: How Was the Ancient Synagogue Furnished?,” in: Hachlili R. (ed.)Ancient Synagogues in Israel, Third – Seventh century C.E.: Proceedings of Symposium, University of Haifa, May 1987, BAR Int. 499, Haifa and Oxford: Hecht Museum, University of Haifa, and British Archaeological Reports, pp. 69–80

1995 “The Communal Functions of the Synagogue in the Land of Israel in the Rabbinic Period,” in: Urman D. and Flesher P. (eds.), Ancient Synagogues: Historical Analysis and Archaeological Discovery, Vol. 1, Leiden: Brill, pp. 181–204

1998 The Missing Century, Belgium: Uitgeverij Peeters

Sakr, Faiza Mahmoud

2005 “New Foundation Deposits of Kom el–Hisn,” in: Studien zur Altägyptischen Kultur, Vol. 33, pp. 349–355

Sapir, Baruch and Dov Neeman

1967 Capernaum. History and Legacy, Art and Architecture, Tel–Aviv: The Interfaith Survey of the Holy Land

Satlow, Michael L.

2005 “Giving for a Return: Jewish Votive Offerings in Late Antiquity,” in: Brakke D. et al. (eds.), Religion and the Self in Antiquity, Indiana University Press, pp. 91–108

2006 Creating Judaism: History, Tradition, Practice, New York: Columbia University Press

Sauer, Eberehard

2004 Not just small change– Coins in Mithraea, in: Martens M. and De Boe G. (eds.), Roman Mithraism, the Evidence of the Small Finds, Brussel: Instituut voor het Archaeologisch Patrimonium

Schiffer, Michael B.

1987 Formation Processes of the Archaeological Record, Albuquerque: university of New Mexico Press

Schiffman, Lawrence H. and Michael D. Swartz

1992 Hebrew and Aramaic Incantation Texts from the Cairo Genizah, England: Scheffield Academic Press

Schindler, Daniel J.

2012 Synagogue on Delos: identification and context, MA thesis, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill

2017 Late Roman and Byzantine Galilee: A Provincial Case Study from the Perspective of the Imported and Common Pottery, PhD. dissertation, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill

Schmidt, Brian B.

2016 The Materiality of Power. Explorations in the Social History of Early Israelite Magic, Tübingen: Mohr Siebeck

Schmidt, Erich

1953 Persepolis, Vol. 1 Structures, Reliefs, Inscriptions, Chicago: University of Chicago Press

Schniedewins, William M.

2014 How the Bible became a Book. The Textualization of Ancient Israel, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press

Schrötter, von Friedrich

1930 Wörterbuch der Münzkunde, Berlin–Leipzig (reprinted 2012, De Gruyter)

Schürer, Emil

1879 Die Gemeindeverfassung der Juden in Rom in der Kaiserzeit nach den Inschriften dargestellt, Leipzig: J. C. Hinrichs

Schürer, Emil, Geza Vermes, and Fergus Millar

1973 The History of the Jewish People in the Age of Jesus Christ, Vol. I, Edinburgh

1979 The History of the Jewish People in the Age of Jesus Christ, Vol. II, Edinburgh

1986 The History of the Jewish People in the Age of Jesus Christ, Vol. III, Edinburgh

Schwartz, Joshua J.

2006 “The Material Realities of Jewish Life in the Land of Israel,” in: Katz S.T. (ed.), The Cambridge History of Judaism: Volume Four: The Late Roman–Rabbinic Period, Cambridge University Press, pp. 431–456

Schwartz, Seth

1999 ‘The Patriarchs and the Diaspora,’’ in: Journal of Jewish Studies, Vol. 50, No. 2, pp. 208–222

2001 Imperialism and Jewish Society, 200 B.C.E. to 640 C.E. Princeton and Oxford: Princeton University Press

Schwartz, Daniel R. and Zeev Weiss

2012 Was 70 CE a Watershed in Jewish History? On Jews and Judaism before and after the Destruction of the Second Temple, Leiden: Brill

Seager, Andrew

1972 “The Building History of the Sardis Synagogue,” in: American Journal of Archaeology, Vol. 76, No. 4, pp. 425–435

1974 “The Synagogue at Sardis,” in: Qadmoniot, Vol. 7, pp. 123–128

1982 “The Synagogue at Sardis,” in: Levine L. (ed.), Ancient Synagogues Revealed, Jerusalem: The Israel Exploration Society, pp. 178–184

Segal, Michael, Emanuel Tov, William Brent Seales, Clifford Seth Parker, Pnina Shor, Yosef Porath, with an Appendix by Ada Yardeni

2016 “An Early Leviticus Scroll from En–Gedi: Preliminary Publication,” in: Textus, Vol. 26, pp. 1–20

Seligman, J.

2008 “Beth Shean”, in: NEAEHL, Supplementary Volume, pp. 1616–1644

Shanks, Hershel

2007 “Magic Incantation Bowls, Charms to Curse, to Cure and to Celebrate,” in: Biblical Archaeology Review, Vol. 33, No. 1, pp. 62–65

Sheedy, K.A and Ch. Papageorgiadou–Banis (eds.)

1997 Numismatic Archaeology/Archaeological Numismatics, Oxbow Monograph 75, Oxbow Books

Simmons, John E.

2016 Museums: A History, Rowman & Littlefield Publishers

Smith, Morton

1975 “Goodenough’s Jewish Symbols in Retrospect”, in: Gutmann J. (ed.), The Synagogue: Studies in Origins, Archaeology and Architecture, New York: Ktav Publishing House, pp. 194–209

Spagnoli, E

2007 “Evidenze numismatiche dal territorio di Ostia antica (età republicana– età flavia),” in: Presenza e crcolazione della monete in area vesuviana. Atti del XIII Convegno organizzato dal Centro internazionale di studi numismatici e dall’Università di Napoli “Federico II”, Napoli 30 maggio–1 giugno 2003, Rome: Instituto italiano di numismatica, pp. 233–388

Sperber, Daniel

1974 Roman Palestine 200–400, Money and prices, Ramat–Gan: Bar–Ilan University

Spigel, Chad

2008 Quantifying the Liturgical Use of Ancient Synagogues: Occupancy Capacities and their Implications for the Understanding of Early Judaism, PhD. dissertation, Duke University

2012a Ancient Synagogue Seating Capacities. Methodology, Analysis and Limits, Tübingen: Mohr Siebeck

2012b “Reconsidering the Question of Separate Seating in Ancient Synagogues,” in: Journal of Jewish Studies, Vol. 63, No. 1, pp. 62–83

Spijkerman, Augustus Fr.

1970 “Monete della sinagoga di Cafarnao”, in: La Sinagoga di Cafarnao dopo gli scavi del 1969, pp. 125–139

1975 Cafarnao III: Catalogo delle Monete della Citta, Jerusalem: Franciscan Printing Press

Stacey, David

2002 “Review Article; the later synagogues at Hammath Tiberias and problems of dating the Islamic Phases and pottery,” in: Humphrey J. (ed.), The Roman and Byzantine Near East: Some Recent Archaeological Research, Vol. 3, Ann Arbor, pp. 253–260

Stern, Ephraim

1993–2008 The New Encyclopedia of Archaeological Excavations in the Holy Land, (ed.), Vols. 1–5, Jerusalem and New York: IES & Carta, and Simon & Schuster

Stern, Karen B.

2012 “Tagging Sacred Space in the Dura Synagogue,” in: Journal of Roman Archaeology, Vol. 25, pp. 171–194

2016 “Harnessing the Sacred: Hidden Writing and “Private” Spaces in Levantine Synagogues,” in: Benefiel R. and Keegan P. (eds.), Inscriptions in the Private Sphere in the Greco–Roman World, Leiden: Brill, pp. 213–247

2018 Writing on the Wall: Graffiti and the Forgotten Jews of Late Antiquity, Princeton: Princeton University Press

2021 “Prayer as Power. Amulets, Graffiti, and Vernacular Writing in Ancient Levantine Synagogues,” in: Bonnie, Rick, Raimo Hakola, and Ulla Tervahauta (eds.), The Synagogue in Ancient Palestine: Current Issues and Emerging Trends, Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, pp. 221–245

Stevens, Marty E.

2006 Temples, Tithes, and Taxes. The Temple and Economic Life of Ancient Israel, Massachusetts: Hendrickson Publishers, Inc.

Stewart, Roberta

2018 “Seeing Caesar’s Symbols: Religious Implements on the Coins of Julius Caesar and his Successors,” in: Elkins N. and Evans DeRose J. (eds.), Concordia Disciplinarum, Essays on Ancient Coinage, History, and Archaeology in Honor of William E. Metcalf, New York: The American Numismatic Society, pp. 107–119

Strange, James

2001 “Synagogue Typology and Khirbet Shema’: A Response to Jodi Magness,” in: Neusner J. and Avery–Peck A. (eds.), Judaism in Late Antiquity, Part Three, Volume 4: Where We Stand: Issues and Debates in Ancient Judaism, the Special Problem of the Synagogue, Leiden: Brill, pp. 71–78

Straβburger, Nicole

2015 “Chapter 16. Favissae in Israel/Palestine in the Late Bronze to Persian Periods,” in: Raz Kletter et al. (eds.), Yavneh II: The ‘temple Hill’ Repository Pit (Orbis Biblicus Et Orientalis – Series Archaeologica), pp. 200–213

2018 Favissae und Kultdeposite in Israel/Palästina von der Spätbronzezeit bis zur Perserzeit, Münster: Zaphon

Suchodolski, Stanislaw

1998 “Coin Finds and Archaeological Contexts. A Tentative Classification,” in: Tabaczyński S. (ed.), Theory and Practice of Archaeological Research, Vol. III, Warszawa, pp. 367–379

Sukenik, Eleazar Lipa

1932 The Ancient Synagogue of Beth Alpha: An Account of the Excavations Conducted on Behalf of the Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Hildesheim: Georg Olms Verlag

1934 Ancient Synagogues in Palestine and Greece. The Schweich Lectures of the British Academy 1930, London: The Oxford University Press

1935 “The Ancient Synagogue of El–Hammeh,” in: The Journal of the Palestine Oriental Society, pp. 101–180

1951a “A New Discovery at Beth Alpha,” in: Louis M. Rabinowitz Fund for the Excavation of Ancient Synagogues, Bulletin II , p. 26

1951b “More about the ancient Synagogue of Caesarea,” in: Louis M. Rabinowitz Fund for the Excavation of Ancient Synagogues, Bulletin II, pp. 28–30

Sussman, Jacob

1981 “The Inscription in the Synagogue at Rehob,” in: Levine L. (ed.), Ancient Synagogues Revealed, Jerusalem: The Israel Exploration Society, pp. 146–153

Swartz, Michael D.

1999 “Sage, Priest, and Poet: Typologies of Leadership in the Ancient Synagogue,” in: Fine S. (ed.), Jews, Christians, and Polytheists in the Ancient Synagogue, London, pp. 101–117

2018 The Mechanics of Providence. The Workings of Ancient Jewish Magic and Mysticism, Mohr Siebeck

Syon, Danny

2000–02 “A Hoard of Byzantine Solidi from Hurvat Kab,” in: Israel Numismatic Journal, Vol. 14, pp. 211–223

2007 “The Barʿam Synagogues: Numismatic Appendix,” in: Michmanim, Vol. 20, pp. 43–44 (Hebrew)

2015 Small Change in Hellenistic–Roman Galilee: The Evidence from Numismatic Site Finds as a Tool for Historical Reconstruction, Jerusalem

Tabaczyński, Stanislaw

1987 Archeologia średniowieczna. Problemy. Źródla. Metody. Cele badawzce, Wroclaw

Talgam, Rina

2014 Mosaics of Faith: Floors of Pagans, Jews, Samaritans, Christians, and Muslims in the Holy Land, Penn State University Press

2018 “An Illustration of the Third Book of Maccabees in a Late–Antique Galilean Synagogue?” in: Journal of Roman Archaeology, Vol. 31, pp. 513–23

Tarkhanova, Svetlana

2021 “The Friezes with the “Peopled Scrolls” Motif in the Capernaum Synagogue,” in: Bonnie, Rick, Raimo Hakola, and Ulla Tervahauta (eds.), The Synagogue in Ancient Palestine: Current Issues and Emerging Trends, Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, pp. 195–218

Tervahauta, Ulla

2021 “Sacred Space and Torah Shrines in Late Antique Synagogues,” in: Bonnie, Rick, Raimo Hakola, and Ulla Tervahauta (eds.), The Synagogue in Ancient Palestine: Current Issues and Emerging Trends, Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, pp. 311–336

Thompson, David L.

1982 Mummy Portraits in the J. Paul Getty Museum, California: Malibu

Thompson, Reginald Campbell

1971 Semitic Magic; Its Origins and Development, New York: Ktav Publishing House Inc.

Thüry, Günther

2016 Die Antike Münze Als Fundgegenstand : Kategorien Numismatischer Funde und Ihre Interpretation, Archaeopress

Trachtenberg, Joshua

2014 Jewish Magic and Superstition, A study in Folk Religion, reprint of 1939, University of Pennsylvania Press

Trümper, Monika

2020 “The Synagogue in Delos Revisited,” in: Doering L. and Krause A.R. (eds.), Synagogues in the Hellenistic and Roman Periods. Archaeological Finds, New Methods, New Theories, Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, pp. 81–123

Trzcionka, Silke

2007 Magic and the Supernatural in Fourth–Century Syria, Londen and New York: Routledge

Tsafrir, Yoram

1995 “The Synagogues at Capernaum and Meroth and the Dating of the Galilean Synagogue,” in: Humphrey J. H. (ed.), The Roman and Byzantine Near East: some recent archaeological research, Vol. 1, Michigan: Ann Arbor, pp. 151–161

Tsouparopoulou, Christina

2014 “Hidden Messages under the Temple: Foundation Deposits and the Restricted Presence of Writing in 3rd Millennium BCE Mesopotamia,” in: Tobias Frese, Wilfried E. Keil, Kristina Krüger (eds), Verborgen, unsichtbar, unlesbar – Zur Problematik restringierter Schriftpräsenz, Reihe Materiale Textkulturen, Band 2, Berlin: De Gruyter,pp. 23–38

Turnheim, Y.

1999 “The Design and the Architectural Ornaments of the Synagogue at Horvat Sumaqa,” in: Sumaqa: A Roman and Byzantine Village on Mount Carmel, BAR International Series 815, Israel: Archaeopress, pp. 233–261

Tylor, Edward B.

1889 Primitive Culture, Researches into the development of Mythology, Philosophy, Religion, Language, Art and Custom, 2nd edition, New York: H. Holt

Tzaferis, Vassilios

1981 “The Synagogue at Ma’oz Hayim,” in: Levine L. (ed.), Ancient Synagogues Revealed, Jerusalem: The Israel Exploration Society, pp. 86–89

1983 “New Archaeological Evidence on Ancient Capernaum,” in: The Biblical Archaeologist, Vol. 46, No. 4, pp. 198–204

1982 “The Ancient Synagogue at Ma’oz Hayyim,” in: Israel Exploration Journal, Vol. 32, pp. 215–244

1989 Excavations at Capernaum, Vol. 1 1978–1982, Winona Lake, Indiana: Eisenbrauns

1993 “Ma’oz Hayyim,” in: NEAEHL, pp. 946–948

1994 “Capernaum,” in: The New Encyclopedia of Archaeological Excavations in the Holy Land, Vol. 1, Jerusalem: The Israel Exploration Society, pp. 291–296

Tzaferis, Vassilios and Stanislao Loffreda

1993 “Capernaum”, in: NEAEHL, pp. 291–296

Ulmer, Rivka

1994 The Evil Eye in the Bible and in Rabbinic Literature, Hoboken H.J.: KTAV Publishing House, Inc.

Ulmer, Rivka and Moshe Ulmer

2014 Righteous Giving to the Poor: Tzedakah (“Charity”) in Classical Rabbinic Judaism, NJ: Gorgias Press

Urman, Dan

1995a “The House of Assembly and the House of Study: Are they One and the Same?,” in: Urman D. and Flesher P. (eds.), Ancient Synagogues: Historical Analysis and Archaeological Discovery, Vol. 1, Leiden: Brill, pp. 232–255

1995b “Public Structures and Jewish Communities in the Golan Heights,” in: Urman D. and Flesher P. (eds.), Ancient Synagogues: Historical Analysis and Archaeological Discovery, Vol. 2, Leiden: Brill, pp. 447–452

1995c “Mazra’at Kanaf,” in: Urman D. and Flesher P. (eds.), Ancient Synagogues: Historical Analysis and Archaeological Discovery, Vol. 2, Leiden: Brill, pp. 534–541

Urman, Dan and Paul V.M. Flesher

1995 Ancient Synagogues: Historical Analysis and Archaeological Discovery, 2 vols. (eds.), Studia Post–Biblica 47, 1, Leiden: Brill

Vitto, Fanny

1974 “Ancient Synagogue at Rehov,” in: ‘Atiqot, vol. 7, pp. 17–18 (English summary), 100–104 (Hebrew)

1975 “The Synagogue of Rehov,” in: Qadmoniyot, Vol. 8, pp. 119–123 (Hebrew)

1980 “The Synagogue of Rehov, 1980,” in: Israel Exploration Journal, Vol. 30, No. 3–4, pp. 214–217

1981a “A Byzantine Synagogue in the Beth She’an Valley,” in: Biran A. (ed.), Temples and High places in Biblical Times, Jerusalem: Hebrew Union College, pp. 164–167

1981b “The Synagogue at Rehob,” in: Levine L. (ed.), Ancient Synagogues Revealed, Jerusalem: The Israel Exploration Society, pp. 90–94

1993 “Rehob,” in: NEAEHL, pp. 1272–1274

1996 “Byzantine Mosaics at Beth She’arim: New Evidence for the History of the Site,” in: ‘Atiqot, Vol. 28, pp. 115–146

2015 “Wall Paintings in the Synagogue of Rehov: An Account of Their Discovery,” in: The Israel Museum Studies in Archaeology, Vol. 7, pp. 1–12

von Kaenel, Hans–Markus

2009 “Coins in Context — A Personal Approach,” in: von Kaenel H.M. and Kemmers F. (eds.), Coins in Context I. New perspectives for the interpretation of coin finds. Colloquium Frankfurt a. M. October 25–27, 2007, Mainz am Rhein: Verlag Philipp Von Zabern, pp. 9–24

von Reden, Sitta

2010 Money in Classical Antiquity, Germany: Albert–Ludwigs–Universität Freiburg

Voss, Barbara

2012 “Curation as Research: A Case Study in Orphaned and Underreported Archaeological Collections,” in: Archaeological Dialogues, Vol. 19, pp. 145–169

Wagner, Ana

2014 Minoan Foundation Deposits in Crete during the Neopalatial Period, MA Thesis, Brock University; St. Catharines

Waner, Mira and Ze’ev Safrai

2001 “A Catalogue of Coin Hoards and the Shelf Life of coins in Palestine Hoards during the Roman and Byzantine Periods,” in: Studium Biblicum Franciscanum, Vol. 51, pp. 305–325

Watson, Alan

1998 The Digest of Justinian, Volume 1, University of Pennsylvania Press

Weddle, David L.

2017 Sacrifice in Judaism, Christianity, and Islam, New York: New York University Press

Weikart, Stefan

2002 Griechische Bauopferrituale: Intention und Konvention von rituellen Handlungen im griechischen Bauwesen, PhD. Dissertation, University of Bern

Weinstein, James Morris

1973 Foundation Deposits in Ancient Egypt, PhD. Dissertation, University of Pennsylvania

Weiss, Zeev

1988 “Ancient Synagogues at Tiberias and Hammat,” in: Hirschfeld Y. (ed.), Tiberias: From its Foundations to the Muslim Conquest, Idan 11, Jerusalem: Yad Izhak Ben–Zvi, pp. 34–48 (Hebrew)

1992 “The Synagogue at Hammath–Tiberias (Stratum II),” in: Eretz Israel, Vol. 23, pp. 320–326 (Hebrew)

2000 “The Sepphoris Synagogue Mosaic and the Role o Talmudic Literature in Its Iconographical Study,” in: Levine L. and Weiss Z. (eds.), From Dura to Sepphoris: Studies in Jewish Art and Society in Late Antiquity, Journal of Roman Archaeology, Supplementary Series Vol. 40, pp. 15–30

2009 “Stratum II at Hammath Tiberias: Reconstructing Its Access; Internal Space; and Architecture,” in: A Wandering Galilean: Essays in Honour of Seán Freyne, Leiden: Brill, pp. 321–342

Weistuch, Joshua and Ben Zion Rosenfeld

2014 “Tosefta Ma’aser Sheni 1:4 — The Rabbis and Roman Civic Coinage in Late Antique Palestine,” in: Fine S. and Kollor A. (eds.), Talmuda de–Eretz Israel: Archaeology and the Rabbis in Late Antique Palestine: Archaeology and the Rabbis in Late Antique Palestine, De Gruyter, pp. 53–61

Werlin, Steven

2012 The Late Ancient Synagogues of Southern Palestine, PhD. Dissertation, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill

2015 Living on the Edge: Ancient Synagogues of Southern Palestine, 300–800 CE, Leiden, Boston: Brill

White, Michael L.

1990a Building God’s House in the Roman World: Architectural Adaptation among Pagans, Jews, and Christians, Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press

1990b The Social Origins of Christian Architecture. Vol. 1. Building God’s House in the Roman World, Architectural Adaptation among Pagans, Jews and Christians, Valley Forge

1997 The Social Origins of Christian Architecture. Vol. 2. Texts and Monuments for the Christian Domus Ecclesiae in Its Environment, Valley forge

1998 “Synagogue and Society in Imperial Ostia. Archaeological and Epigraphic Evidence,” in: Donfried K.P. and Richardson P. (eds.), Judaism and Christianity in First–Century Rome, Grand Rapids, pp. 30–68

Wilfand, Yael

2014 Poverty, Charity and the Image of the Poor in Rabbinic Texts from the Land of Israel, Sheffield Phoenix Press

2015 “From the School of Shammai to Rabbi Yehuda the Patriarch’s Student: The Evolution of the Poor Man’s Tithe,” in: Jewish Studies Quarterly, Vol. 22, pp. 36–61

Williams, Daniela

2014 “Digging in the Archives: A Late Roman Coin Assemblage from the Synagogue at Ancient Ostia (Italy),” in: American Journal of Numismatics, Vol. 26, pp. 245–273

Williams, Dyfri

1991 The ‘Pot Hoard’ pot from the Archaic Artemision at Aphesus,” in: Bulletin of the Institute of Classical Studies, No. 38, pp. 98–103

Winges, Scott D.

2017 “Two Sides of the Same Coin: Numismatic Amulets in the Eastern Roman Empire (A.D. 491–602),” conference paper May 2018, Canadian Society of Patristic Studies, Annual Meeting, University of Regina

Woodward, Pater and Ann Woodward

2004 “Dedicating the Town: Urban Foundation Deposits in Roman Britain,” in: World Archaeology, Vol. 36, No. 1, The Object of Dedication, pp. 68–86

Wyssmann, Patrick

2013 “Ein Münzdeposit aus einer spätantiken Synagoge in Galiläa,” in: Welt und Umwelt der Bibel, Vol. 2/2013, pp. 60–61

Yadin, Yigael

1963 The Finds from the Bar Kokhba Period in the Cave of Letters, Judean Desert Studies, Jerusalem: Israel Exploration Society

Yadin, Yigael and Joseph Naveh

1989 Masada I: The Yigael Yadin Excavations 1963–1965 Final Reports. The Aramaic and Hebrew Ostraca and Jar Inscriptions, Jerusalem: Israel Exploration Society

Yadin, Yigael, Jonas C. Greenfield, Ada Yardeni, and Baruch A. Levine (eds.)

2002 The Documents from the Bar Kokhba Period in the Cave of Letters: Hebrew, Aramaic and Nabatean–Aramaic Papyri, Jerusalem: Israel Exploration Society

Yeivin, Ze’ev

1973 “Excavations at Chorazin,” in: Eretz Israel, Vol. 11, pp. 144–157

1982 “Khorazin,” in: Hadashot Arkheologiot, Vol. 78–79, pp. 10–11 (Hebrew)

1984 “Khorazin,” in: Hadashot Arkheologiot, p. 8 (Hebrew)

1987 Ancient Chorazin Comes Back to Life, in: Biblical Archaeology Review, Vol. 13, no 5, pp. 22–36

1993 “Chorazin,” in: NEAEHL, pp. 301–304

2000 The Synagogue at Korazim: The 1962–1964, 1980–1987 Excavations, Jerusalem: Israel Antiquities Authority (Hebrew)

Yogev, Ora

1987 “The Synagogue at Ma’on – New Discoveries,” in: Eretz Israel, Vol. 19, pp. 208–215 (Hebrew)

Yuval–Hacham, Noa

2014 “Mishnah Avodah Zarah 4:5 — The Faces of Effacement: Between Textual and Artistic Evidence,” in: Fine S. and Kollor A. (eds.), Talmuda de–Eretz Israel: Archaeology and the Rabbis in Late Antique Palestine: Archaeology and the Rabbis in Late Antique Palestine, De Gruyter, pp. 29–52

Zambanini, Sebastian, Albert Kavelar, and Martin Kampel

2013 “Improving Ancient Roman Coin Classification by Fusing Exemplar–Based Classification and Legend Recognition,” in: Petrosino A. Maddalena L. and Pala P. (eds.), New Trends in Image Analysis and Processing – ICIAP 2013, pp. 149–158

Zangenberg, Jürgen

2013a “Horbat Kur preliminary report 2011,” in: Hadashot Arkheologiyot–Excavations and Surveys in Israel, Vol. 125

2013b “Pure Stone: Archaeological Evidence for Jewish Purity Practices in Late Second Temple Judaism (Miqwa’ot and Stone Vessels),” in: Frevel C. and Nihan C. (eds.), Purity and the Forming of Religious Traditions in the Ancient Mediterranean World and Ancient Judaism, Vol. 3, pp. 537–572

2016a “A Basalt Stone Table from the Byzantine Synagogue at Ḥorvat Kur, Galilee: Publication and Preliminary Interpretation,” in: Patrich J. Peleg–Barkat O. and Ben–Yosef E. (eds.), Arise, Walk Through the Land – Studies in the Archaeology and History of the Land of Israel in Memory of Yizhar Hirschfeld on the Tenth Anniversary of His Demise, Jerusalem: Israel Exploration Society, pp. 61–78

2016b “Performing the Sacred in a Community Building: Observations from the 2010–2015 Kinneret Regional Project Excavations in the Byzantine Synagogue of Horvat Kur (Galilee),” in: Day J. et al. (eds.), Spaces in Late Antiquity Cultural, Theological and Archaeological Perspectives, London: Routledge, pp: 166–189

2017 “The Menorah on the Mosaic Floor from the Late Roman/ Early Byzantine Synagogue at Horvat Kur,” in: Israel Exploration Journal, Vol. 67, pp. 110–126

2019a “Will the Real Women Please Sit Down. Interior Space, Seating Arrangements, and Female Presence in the Byzantine Synagogue of Horvat Kur in Galilee,” in: Gender and Social Norms in Ancient Israel, Early Judaism and Early Christianity: Texts and Material Culture, Vol. 28, pp. 91–118

2019b “New Observations on the ‘Basalt Stone Table’ from Horvat Kur, Galilee,” in: Strata: Bulletin of the Anglo–Israel Archaeological Society, Vol. 37, pp. 95–111

Zangenberg, Jürgen, and Stefan Münger

2011 “Horbat Kur preliminary report 2010,” in: Hadashot Arkheologiyot–Excavations and Surveys in Israel, Vol. 123

Zangenberg, Jürgen, Stefan Münger, and Byron McCane

2013 “The Kinneret Regional Project Excavations of a Byzantine Synagogue at Horvat Kur, Galilee, 2010–2013: A Preliminary Report,” in: Hebrew Bible and Ancient Israel, Vol. 4, No. 2, pp. 557–576

2016 “Horvat Kur, Kinneret Regional Project 2012, 2013,” in: Hadashot Arkheologiyot, Excavations and Surveys in Israel, Vol. 128

Zangenberg, Jürgen, Stefan Münger and Tine Rassalle

2013 “Synagoge van Horvat Kur geeft steeds meer geheimen bloot,” in: Archeologiemagazine, Vol. 1/2013, pp. 40–43

Zangenberg, Jürgen, Annalize Rheeder, and Philip Bes

Forthcoming “A Piece of Heaven on Earth. Results of Ten Years of Archaeological Research by Kinneret Regional Project in the Synagogue of Ḥorvat Kur”

Zavahy, Tzvee

1990 Studies in Jewish Prayer, Lanham Md.: University Press of America

Zevi, Fausto

1972 “La Sinagoga di Ostia,” in: Rassegna mensile di Israel, Vol. 38, pp. 131–145

Zevulun, Uza and Yael Olenik

1979 Function and Design in the Talmudic Period: exhibition and catalogue, Haaretz Museum Publications: Arieli Press

Zingboym, Oren

Forthcoming “Horvat Kanaf – New Excavations of the Synagogue: Was a Third–Fourth
Century Synagogue Uncovered?”, in: Mikhmanim (Hebrew)

Zingboym, Oren and Chaim Ben-David

Forthcoming “Deir ‘Aziz – Ancient Synagogue,” in: Levine L. et al. (eds.), Ancient Synagogues Revealed, Vol. 2

Zissu, Boaz et al.

2012 “A Pagan Cult(?) Site from the Late Roman Period in the Te’umim Cave”, in: Innovations in Jerusalem Studies, Vol. 17, pp 311–341 (Hebrew)

Zori, Nehemiah

1967 “The Ancient synagogue at Beth She’an,” in: Israel Exploration Journal, Vol. 8, pp. 149–167 (Hebrew)

Zovatto, Paolo Lino

1961 “Le antiche Sinagoghe di Aquileia e di Ostia,” in: Memorie storiche forogiuliesi, Vol. 44, pp. 53–63